Table 2 Sleep duration, food habits, and physical activity related information by weight status of the study participants (n = 627)
Study variables | Total n (%) | Underweight n (%) | Normal n (%) | Overweight/obese n (%) | P value1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sleep characteristics | |||||
 Sleep problem based on CASC Score | |||||
  No sleep problem | 474 (75.6) | 49 (85.9) | 360 (85.5) | 65 (43.6) | < 0.001* |
  Sleep problem | 153 (24.4) | 8 (14) | 61 (14.4) | 84 (56.3) | |
 No sleep problem, mean ± SD | 9.7 ± 3.8 | 10.1 ± 2.1 | 9.6 ± 3.7 | 10.3 ± 5.1 | 0.281 |
 Sleep problem, mean ± SD | 24.7 ± 4.5 | 21.0 ± 2.1 | 23.2 ± 3.5 | 26.2 ± 4.7 | < 0.001* |
 CASC score, mean ± SD | |||||
  Total score | 13.4 ± 7.6 | 11.6 ± 4.7 | 11.5 ± 6.1 | 19.3 ± 9.2 | < 0.001* |
  Bed time problem | 4.5 ± 2.9 | 3.9 ± 1.7 | 3.9 ± 2.4 | 6.6 ± 3.5 | < 0.001* |
  Breathing and unstable sleep | 3.6 ± 3.4 | 4.1 ± 3.3 | 2.6 ± 2.8 | 6.1 ± 3.1 | < 0.001* |
  Parasomnia and sleep movement | 2.2 ± 2.1 | 1.3 ± 1.5 | 2 ± 1.9 | 3.2 ± 2.3 | < 0.001* |
  Day time problem | 2.9 ± 1.9 | 2.5 ± 1.2 | 2.9 ± 1.9 | 3.2 ± 2.1 | 0.028* |
 Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) | |||||
  No | 570 (90.9) | 53 (92.9) | 398 (94.5) | 119 (79.8) | < 0.001* |
  Yes | 57 (9.1) | 4 (7.1) | 23 (5.4) | 30 (20.1) | |
 Sleep duration weekdays (hours), mean ± SD | 8.9 ± 1.1 | 8.7 ± 1.1) | 9.1 ± 1 | 8.4 ± 1.2 | < 0.001* |
 Sleep duration weekends (hours), mean ± SD | 8 ± 1.1 | 8.3 ± 1.3 | 8.1 ± 1.1 | 7.6 ± 0.9 | < 0.001* |
Adolescents food habit in past 30 days | |||||
 Went hungry | |||||
  Never | 383 (61.1) | 28 (49.1) | 264 (62.7) | 91 (61.1) | 0.142 |
  Rarely/sometimes | 244 (38.9) | 29 (50.8) | 157 (37.2) | 58 (38.9) | |
 Consumed fruits | |||||
  Never | 320 (51) | 22 (38.6) | 235 (55.8) | 63 (42.2) | 0.003* |
  ≥ 1 times/day | 307 (48.9) | 35 (61.4) | 186 (44.1) | 86 (57.7) | |
 Consumed vegetables | |||||
  ≤ 1 time/day | 161 (25.6) | 16 (28.1) | 105 (24.9) | 40 (26.8) | 0.820 |
  ≥ 2 times/day | 466 (74.3) | 41 (71.9) | 316 (75.1) | 109 (73.1) | |
 Consumed soft drinks | |||||
  < 1 time/day | 294 (46.8) | 43 (75.4) | 226 (53.6) | 25 (16.7) | < 0.001* |
  ≥ 1 time/day | 333 (53.1) | 14 (24.5) | 195 (46.3) | 124 (83.2) | |
 Consumed high fat food | |||||
  ≤ 1 time/day | 409 (65.2) | 38 (66.6) | 297 (70.5) | 74 (49.6) | < 0.001* |
  ≥ 2 times/day | 218 (34.7) | 19 (33.3) | 124 (29.4) | 75 (50.3) | |
 Consumed fast food | |||||
  Daily | 65 (10.3) | 15 (26.3) | 38 (9) | 12 (8.1) | < 0.001* |
  2–3 days/week | 335 (53.4) | 26 (45.6) | 238 (56.5) | 71 (47.6) | |
  ≥ 4 days/week | 227 (36.2) | 16 (28.1) | 145 (34.4) | 66 (44.3) | |
 Consumed junk food | |||||
  No | 185 (29.5) | 13 (22.8) | 156 (37.1) | 16 (10.7) | < 0.001* |
  Yes | 133 (89.2) | 44 (77.1) | 265 (62.9) | 133 (89.2) | |
 Frequency of consumed junk food | |||||
  None | 185 (29.5) | 13 (22.8) | 156 (37.1) | 16 (10.7) | < 0.001* |
  1–3 times/week | 289 (46.1) | 35 (61.4) | 195 (46.3) | 59 (39.6) | |
  ≥ 4 times/week | 153 (24.4) | 9 (15.7) | 70 (16.6) | 74 (49.6) | |
 Consumed food groups (10 food groups) | |||||
  < 5 food groups | 277 (44.1) | 39 (68.4) | 168 (39.9) | 70 (46.9) | < 0.001* |
  ≥ 5 food groups | 350 (55.8) | 18 (31.5) | 253 (60.1) | 79 (53) | |
Adolescents physical activity | |||||
 Students physical activity | |||||
  Not active | 396 (63.1) | 48 (84.2) | 249 (59.1) | 99 (66.4) | 0.001* |
  Active | 50 (33.5) | 9 (15.7) | 172 (40.8) | 50 (33.5) | |
 Walking or ride bicycle | |||||
  None | 325 (51.8) | 36 (63.1) | 227 (53.9) | 62 (41.6) | 0.014* |
  1–3 days | 111 (17.7) | 11 (19.3) | 66 (15.6) | 34 (22.8) | |
  ≥ 4 days | 191 (30.4) | 10 (17.5) | 128 (30.4) | 53 (35.5) | |
 Physical education | |||||
  None | 353 (56.3) | 42 (73.6) | 209 (49.6) | 102 (68.4) | < 0.001* |
  1–3 days | 113 (18) | 5 (8.7) | 79 (18.7) | 29 (19.4) | |
  ≥ 4 days | 161 (25.6) | 10 (17.5) | 133 (31.5) | 18 (12.1) | |
 Sedentary behavior | |||||
  < 1 h/day | 80 (12.7) | 12 (21.1) | 51 (12.1) | 17 (11.4) | < 0.001* |
  1–2 h/day | 208 (33.1) | 18 (31.5) | 151 (35.8) | 39 (26.1) | |
  3–4 h/day | 267 (42.5) | 23 (40.3) | 192 (45.6) | 52 (34.9) | |
  5–6 h/day | 72 (11.4) | 4 (7) | 27 (6.4) | 41 (27.5) | |