Urban-rural differences in catastrophic health expenditure among households with chronic non-communicable disease patients: evidence from China family panel studies

Table 5 Association between factors and CHE intensity in rural and urban households with NCD patients

Variables	Urban areas		Rural areas
Variables	dy/dx	Std. Err.	dy/dx	Std. Err.
Household income	−0.0098**	0.0014	−0.0105**	0.0017
Household size	−0.0104**	0.0009	−0.0105**	0.0012
Inpatient, yes	0.0490**	0.0027	0.0538**	0.0034
Household members aged<=5, yes	−0.0023	0.0040	0.0001	0.0050
Household members aged> = 60, yes	0.0153**	0.0028	0.0206**	0.0042
Geographic location
East¹
Central	−0.0057	0.0032	−0.0107	0.0060
West	−0.0127**	0.0038	−0.0245**	0.0058
Gender of household head, male	0.0047	0.0027	0.0032	0.0038
Education of household head
Illiterate¹
Primary school	−0.0191**	00043	− 0.0152**	0.0051
Middle school	−0.0275**	0.0041	−0.0197**	0.0055
High school and above	−0.0304**	0.0044	−0.0106	0.0076
Marriage of household head, married	−0.0018	0.0041	0.0037	0.0063
Self-assessed health status of household head, healthy	−0.0203**	0.0027	−0.0159**	0.0036
Basic medical insurance
No medical insurance¹
UEBMI	−0.0082	0.0049	0.0025	0.0119
URBMI	−0.0034	0.0052	−0.0076	0.0141
NRCMS	0.0033	0.0048	0.0134	0.0074
Two kinds of medical insurance	−0.0228	0.0130	0.0216	0.0299
SMI, yes	−0.0137	0.0102	−0.0405*	0.0206

Note: ¹ Reference group; UEBMI Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance; URBMI Urban Residents Basic Medical Insurance; NRCMS New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme; SMI Supplementary medical insurance; The dy/dx in brackets indicates the marginal effect; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01

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