An ecological study of chronic kidney disease in five Mesoamerican countries: associations with crop and heat

BMC Public Health

Table 4 Descriptive data for El Salvador and Nicaragua

		El Salvador				Nicaragua
		CKD admissions^a/Inhabitant^b	EE^c	Municipalities		CKD deaths/NCD deaths	EE^d	Municipalities
		CKD admissions^a/Inhabitant^b	EE^c	N	%	CKD deaths/NCD deaths	EE^d	N	%
Population density quartile	1	3788/618530	ref	65	25%	311/2712	ref	38	25%
	2–3	18,298/2574888	1.2	130	50%	1154/6972	1.4	76	50%
	4	8937/2550695	0.6	67	25%	1964/14607	1.2	39	25%
Crop and cultivation intensity	T_max
Banana
Low	< 30°	13,933/3897281	ref	163	62%	992/14380	ref	93	61%
Low	> 30°	5515/794353	1.9	47	18%	1819/6055	4.4	30	20%
High	< 30°	1915/297710	1.8	20	8%	140/2791	0.7	27	18%
High	> 30°	9778/754769	3.6	32	12%	477/1065	6.5	3	2%
Rice
Low	< 30°	13,417/3603089	ref	140	53%	843/14044	ref	97	63%
Low	> 30°	13,778/1333010	2.8	70	27%	2091/5018	6.9	26	17%
High	< 30°	2431/591902	1.1	43	16%	289/3127	1.5	23	15%
High	> 30°	1515/216112	1.9	9	3%	205/2102	1.6	7	5%
Sugarcane
Low	< 30°	11,383/2865554	ref	146	56%	864/14921	ref	104	68%
Low	> 30°	9245/1263238	1.8	64	24%	602/3648	2.8	19	12%
High	< 30°	4465/1329437	0.8	37	14%	268/2250	2.1	16	10%
High	> 30°	6048/285884	5.3	15	6%	1694/3472	8.4	14	9%
Coffee
Low	< 30°	8834/2261478	ref	137	52%	963/13977	ref	91	59%
Low	> 30°	15,088/1472670	2.6	73	28%	2294/7079	4.7	32	21%
High	< 30°	7014/1933513	0.9	46	18%	169/3194	0.8	29	19%
High	> 30°	205/76452	0.7	6	2%	2/41	0.7	1	1%

^aNumber of cases based on multiplying municipal rates in 2005–2010 [6] with the population in 2007 [25]. ^bPopulation in 2007 [25]. ^cAdmissions ratio, ^dProportional mortality ratio. CKD Chronic Kidney Disease, NCD Non-communicable Disease, EE effect estimate

ISSN: 1471-2458