Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study patients on admission

Age (y)

48 ± 1.73

42.05 ± 9.46

53 ± 2.09

0.11

 Male (%)

9/24 (37.50)

1/11 (9.09)

8/13 (61.54)

0.013

 Female (%)

15/24 (62.50)

10/11 (90.91)

5/13 (38.46)

Duration from onset to hospitalization (d)

5.5 (7)

3 (5)

6 (4)

0.011

PSI

0 (57.25)

0 (44)

45 (72.5)

0.252

 I (%)

16/24 (66.67)

9/11 (81.82)

7/13 (53.85)

 II ≤70 (%)

4/24 (16.67)

1/11 (9.09)

3/13 (23.08)

 III 71–90 (%)

3/24 (12.50)

1/11 (9.09)

2/13 (15.38)

 IV 91–131 (%)

1/24 (4.17)

0/11 (0)

1/13 (7.69)

 V > 130 (%)

0/37 (0)

0/19 (0)

0/18 (0)

 Any (%)

6/24 (25.00)

0/11 (0)

6/13 (46.15)

0.016

 Hypertension (%)

2/24 (8.33)

0/11 (0)

2/13 (15.38)

0.482

 Coronary heart disease (%)

2/24 (8.33)

0/11 (0)

2/13 (15.38)

0.482

 Diabetes (%)

1/24 (4.17)

0/11 (0)

1/13 (7.69)

1

 Cirrhosis, liver cancer (%)

1/24 (4.17)

0/11 (0)

1/13 (7.69)

1

 Asymptomatic (%)

7/24 (29.17)

6/11 (54.55)

1/13 (7.69)

0.023

 Fever (%)

15/24 (62.50)

5/11 (45.45)

10/13 (76.92)

0.206

 Fatigue (%)

5/24 (20.83)

1/11 (9.09)

4/13 (30.77)

0.327

 Headache (%)

1/24 (4.17)

1/11 (9.09)

0/13 (0)

0.458

 Nasal congestion (%)

2/24 (8.33)

0/11 (0)

2/13 (15.38)

0.482

 Sore throat (%)

6/24 (25.00)

2/11 (18.18)

4/13 (30.77)

0.649

 Cough (%)

17/24 (70.83)

8/11 (72.73)

9/13 (69.23)

1

 Hemoptysis (%)

1/24 (4.17)

0/11 (0)

1/13 (7.69)

1

 Shortness of breath (%)

10/24 (41.67)

3/11 (27.27)

7/13 (53.85)

0.240

 Vomiting or diarrhea (%)

6/24 (25.00)

3/11 (27.27)

3/13 (23.08)

1

 Pain in a muscle or joint (%)

1/24 (4.17)

0/11 (0)

1/13 (7.69)

1

 WBC < 4.0 × 10⁹/L (%)

7/24 (29.17)

3/11 (27.27)

4/13 (30.77)

1

 L < 1.1 × 10⁹/L (%)

14/24 (58.33)

6/11 (54.55)

8/13 (61.54)

1

 L ≤ 0.6 × 10⁹/L (%)

7/14 (50.00)

3/6 (50.0)

4/8 (50.00)

1

 SAA > 10 mg/L (%)

15/24 (62.50)

5/11 (45.45)

10/13 (76.92)

0.206

 CRP > 5 mg/L (%)

12/24 (50.00)

3/11 (27.27)

9/13 (69.23)

0.1

 PCT > 0.5 ng/ml (%)

2/24 (8.33)

2/11 (18.18)

0/13 (0)

0.199

 LDH > 250 U/L (%)

5/24 (20.83)

1/11 (9.09)

4/13 (30.77)

0.327

 Alb < 40 g/L (%)

17/24 (70.83)

8/11 (72.73)

9/13 (69.23)

1

 AST > 40 U/L (%)

2/24 (8.33)

1/11 (9.09)

1/13 (7.69)

1

 ALT > 40 U/L (%)

1/24 (4.17)

1/11 (9.09)

0/13 (0)

0.458

 TBL > 17.1 mmol/L (%)

9/24 (37.50)

3/11 (27.27)

6/13 (46.15)

0.423

 D-dimer > 0.5 mg/L (%)

6/24 (25.00)

3/11 (27.27)

3/13 (23.08)

1

 Fib > 4 g/L (%)

6/24 (25.00)

3/11 (27.27)

3/13 (23.08)

1

 ESR ≥20 mm/h (%)

18/24 (75.00)

8/11 (72.73)

10/13 (76.92)

1

Pneumonia (%)

24/24 (100)

11/11 (100)

13/13 (100)

–

 Bilateral infiltration (%)

18/24 (75.00)

7/11 (63.64)

11/13 (84.62)

0.357

 Unilateral infiltration (%)

6/24 (25.00)

4/11 (36.36)

2/13 (15.38)