The role of contraception in preventing HIV-positive births: global estimates and projections

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Number of HIV positive births averted by contraception annually, top 30 countries

Country	WLHIV aged 15–49^a (A)	WLHIV (15–49) on modern contraception^b (B)	Pregnancies to WLHIV averted by contraception^c (C)	Births to WLHIV averted by contraception ^d (D)	HIV- positive births averted by contraception^f
					Treated	Untreated	Total
South Africa	4,050,000	2,187,000	204,530	127,930	4452	4989	9441
Nigeria	860,000	161,680	36,138	22,604	398	3798	4195
Kenya	740,000	434,380	96,648	55,337	2014	1494	3508
Zimbabwe	600,000	394,800	81,224	46,506	1749	837	2586
India	655,544	313,350	26,808	14,898	358	1788	2145
Malawi	480,000	278,880	63,411	36,307	1380	545	1924
Uganda	650,000	235,950	52,899	30,288	1127	636	1763
Indonesia	217,800	128,066	12,919	6709	40	1711	1751
Zambia	580,000	259,260	57,572	32,963	1253	494	1747
Mozambique	1,060,000	268,180	57,384	32,856	1249	493	1741
Tanzania	720,000	230,400	50,511	28,921	1076	607	1683
Ethiopia	324,000	122,472	27,981	16,021	590	384	974
Cameroon	277,000	58,170	13,972	8748	280	525	805
Angola	179,000	22,375	5549	3474	53	646	699
Brazil	244,313	189,831	16,895	8172	278	368	646
Ghana	170,000	42,500	9822	6144	194	387	581
Lesotho	152,000	90,896	7737	4840	149	334	483
DRC	234,000	17,550	4105	2570	45	432	477
Mali	74,000	11,174	2607	1631	16	372	387
Eswatini	103,000	67,465	6274	3924	124	247	371
Côte d’Ivoire	205,000	40,180	8682	5431	195	163	358
Thailand	170,000	128,350	12,322	6399	243	96	339
Rwanda	103,000	48,925	10,823	6197	235	93	328
Congo	46,900	8677	1999	1252	13	282	294
U.S.	226,698	153,475	10,590	5509	209	83	292
Russia	278,415	153,128	12,097	5068	193	76	269
Botswana	159,000	81,408	7571	4736	180	71	251
Madagascar	18,578	7171	1613	924	4	247	251
Myanmar	85,000	43,605	4287	2226	71	134	205
Viet Nam	60,000	39,000	3706	1925	62	110	172

^a Calculated as women living with HIV aged 15+ − WLHIV aged 50+
^b Calculated as A * Contraceptive prevalence rate
^c Calculated as (B * pregnancy rate) – (B * contraception failure rate)
^d Calculated as C * proportion of pregnancies resulting in live birth (birth rate/pregnancy rate)
^f Calculated as (D * Coverage of pregnant women for preventing mother-to-child transmission [PMTCT])* 0.04 estimated transmission among those on treatment) + (D * (1 – coverage of pregnant women for PMTCT) * 0.30 estimated transmission among those not on treatment)

ISSN: 1471-2458