Reduced level of physical activity during COVID-19 pandemic is associated with depression and anxiety levels: an internet-based survey

Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the participants

Variables	Whole sample N = 1843	Male N = 743	Female N = 1110	t and p value	Effect size	CI (95%)
Age (years)	38.6 ± 12.4	39.7 ± 12.2	37.9 ± 12.4*	t (1,851) = 3.00 p < 0.001	d = 0.14	0.07 to 0.21
Body mass (kg)	71.4 ± 14.3	81.0 ± 12.6	65.0 ± 11.5*	t (1,842) = 28.17 p < 0.001	d = 1.32	1.00 to 1.60
Height (cm)	168.8 ± 9.3	176.8 ± 6.9	163.5 ± 6.2*	t (1,851) = 42.70 p = 0.003	d = 1.99	1.50 to 2.50
BMI (kg/m²)	24.9 ± 3.8	25.8 ± 3.2	24.3 ± 4.0*	t (1,842) =8.78 p < 0.001	d = 0.41	0.24 to 0.58

Values were expressed as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05; t (t test value); d (cohen’s d); CI - confidence interval; BMI – body mass index

ISSN: 1471-2458