Association between multimorbidity patterns and disability among older people covered by long-term care insurance in Shanghai, China

Table 4 Associations between multimorbidity patterns and BADL and IADL disability (N = 1871)

Multimorbidity patterns	BADL disability		IADL disability
Multimorbidity patterns	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)^a	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)^a
Musculoskeletal diseases	0.93 (0.85–1.03)	0.94 (0.85–1.03)	1.12 (0.93–1.35)	1.15 (0.95–1.38)
Cardio-metabolic diseases	1.24 (1.13–1.37)	1.28 (1.16–1.41)	1.32 (1.12–1.56)	1.41 (1.19–1.68)
Mental-degenerative diseases	1.53 (1.38–1.69)	1.55 (1.40–1.72)	1.15 (0.99–1.35)	1.17 (0.99–1.37)

BADL Basic activities of daily living; IADL Instrumental activities of daily living
Severe and moderate dependence = disability, mild and no dependence = independent/ no disability
OR Odd ratio, IC Confidence interval
Boldface indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05)
^aAdjusted for care model, sex, age, education level, marital status, income, and social support

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