Table 1 Characteristics of study participants and their environments, by city
Sydney N = 1744 | Melbourne N = 1782 | Brisbane N = 1416 | Adelaide N = 1111 | Perth N = 1222 | Hobart N = 547 | Darwin N = 734 | Canberra N = 1093 | All cities N = 9649 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body size | |||||||||
Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 27.4 (5.7) | 27.7 (5.4) | 28.5 (6.0) | 28.4 (5.8) | 27.9 (5.7) | 27.7 (5.7) | 27.6 (5.8) | 27.8 (5.9) | 27.9 (5.8) |
10th / 90th percentile | 21.2 / 34.6 | 21.5 / 34.7 | 21.4 / 36.4 | 21.8 / 36.3 | 21.6 / 35.5 | 21.0 / 34.9 | 21.2 / 35.1 | 21.6 / 35.4 | 21.5 / 55.4 |
Waist circumference (cm) | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 91.8 (15.5) | 92.2 (15.0) | 94.1 (16.2) | 94.3 (15.8) | 92.4 (15.0) | 91.6 (14.9) | 91.5 (16.6) | 92.7 (15.6) | 92.7 (15.6) |
10th / 90th percentile | 73 / 112 | 73 / 111 | 74 / 116 | 75 / 114 | 74 / 112 | 73 / 110 | 72 / 112 | 74 / 112 | 73 / 112 |
Food environment | |||||||||
Count of supermarkets, 1000 m | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 0.93 (1.3) | 0.86 (1.4) | 0.63 (1.0) | 0.76 (1.1) | 0.55 (0.8) | 0.30 (0.6) | 0.43 (0.9) | 0.39 (0.7) | 0.67 (1.1) |
10th / 90th percentile | 0 / 3 | 0 / 2 | 0 / 2 | 0 / 2 | 0 / 2 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 2 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 2 |
Range | 0–9 | 0–13 | 0–7 | 0–7 | 0–4 | 0–2 | 0–5 | 0–4 | 0–13 |
Count of supermarkets, 1500 m | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 1.91 (2.0) | 1.94 (2.5) | 1.38 (1.7) | 1.74 (1.7) | 1.15 (1.2) | 0.69 (0.9) | 0.80 (1.3) | 0.93 (1.1) | 1.46 (1.8) |
10th / 90th percentile | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 3 | 0 / 4 | 0 / 3 | 0 / 2 | 0 / 3 | 0 / 2 | 0 / 4 |
Range | 0–15 | 0–22 | 0–12 | 0–11 | 0–6 | 0–3 | 0–5 | 0–5 | 0–22 |
Covariates | |||||||||
Age (mean, SD) | 49.9 (18.1) | 48.9 (18.5) | 48.1 (17.9) | 51.7 (18.4) | 49.5 (18.3) | 52.1 (18.2) | 45.0 (16.0) | 48.5 (17.7) | 49.2 (18.1) |
Sex (% men) | 45.4 | 47.1 | 45.5 | 45.9 | 46.1 | 40.2 | 49.9 | 42.8 | 45.6 |
Country of birth (%) | |||||||||
Australia | 49.4 | 57.5 | 68.9 | 68.9 | 54.3 | 80.6 | 63.5 | 67.3 | 61.5 |
Overseas | 50.6 | 42.5 | 31.1 | 31.1 | 45.7 | 19.4 | 36.5 | 32.7 | 38.5 |
Education (%) | |||||||||
Bachelor’s degree+ | 37.2 | 37.2 | 29.2 | 26.2 | 28.6 | 31.6 | 30.5 | 44.3 | 33.6 |
Diploma | 10.7 | 11.7 | 12.6 | 10.2 | 12.1 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 11.0 | 11.2 |
Certificate | 14.9 | 14.2 | 21.5 | 18.8 | 19.1 | 21.4 | 23.8 | 12.3 | 17.5 |
High school or less | 33.3 | 34.3 | 34.3 | 40.9 | 36.3 | 34.0 | 33.4 | 28.6 | 34.4 |
Missing | 4.0 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 3.9 | 3.3 |
Occupation (%) | |||||||||
Managers and professionals | 28.1 | 28.6 | 23.7 | 24.8 | 24.0 | 23.2 | 23.7 | 36.8 | 27.0 |
White collar | 18.8 | 20.2 | 22.1 | 19.0 | 17.9 | 20.3 | 27.5 | 21.5 | 20.5 |
Blue collar | 14.1 | 14.7 | 18.2 | 14.6 | 19.1 | 13.9 | 22.2 | 10.4 | 15.7 |
Not in labour market | 39.0 | 36.5 | 36.0 | 41.7 | 39.0 | 42.6 | 26.6 | 31.3 | 36.8 |
Household income (quintiles) (%) | |||||||||
Q1 (highest) | 16.0 | 13.9 | 17.0 | 22.3 | 18.7 | 22.5 | 14.0 | 11.0 | 16.5 |
Q2 | 13.3 | 16.4 | 15.9 | 19.7 | 13.8 | 20.5 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 15.3 |
Q3 | 15.3 | 16.7 | 18.4 | 17.8 | 16.9 | 18.1 | 17.7 | 15.8 | 16.9 |
Q4 | 16.6 | 18.0 | 16.3 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 16.6 | 19.1 | 19.9 | 17.5 |
Q5 (lowest) | 22.9 | 15.8 | 17.5 | 14.7 | 16.8 | 14.1 | 25.5 | 29.6 | 19.5 |
Missing | 15.8 | 19..3 | 14.9 | 8.6 | 16.5 | 8.2 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 14.3 |
Area-level disadvantage | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 1019.9 (109.0) | 1021.4 (87.8) | 1011.8 (90.5) | 992.8 (92.6) | 1022.2 (75.3) | 987.2 (103.8) | 1029.2 (76.9) | 1066.0 (53.4) | 1020.2 (90.9) |
10th / 90th percentile | 883 / 1120 | 908 / 1106 | 894 / 1108 | 859 / 1089 | 919 / 1107 | 835 / 1095 | 955 / 1110 | 998 / 1127 | 899 / 1111 |
Range | 325–1165 | 506–1155 | 486–1159 | 573–1140 | 563–1152 | 540–1134 | 720–1146 | 809–1165 | 325–1165 |
Count of amenities, 1000 m | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 112.1 (249.0) | 88.4 (246.5) | 38.7 (82.3) | 47.4 (76.4) | 25.4 (44.8) | 38.0 (71.6) | 27.4 (48.6) | 20.2 (58.1) | 57.5 (162.3) |
10th / 90th percentile | 5 / 300 | 4 / 202 | 1 / 91 | 4 / 117 | 1 / 59 | 1 / 107 | 2 / 55 | 0 / 35 | 2 / 136 |
Range | 0–2882 | 0–3717 | 0–1001 | 0–1053 | 0–589 | 0–500 | 0–241 | 0–659 | 0–3717 |
Count of amenities, 1500 m | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 232.6 (447.8) | 207.1 (499.0) | 84.9 (176.8) | 109.9 (172.3) | 60.1 (87.6) | 90.2 (157.7) | 55.5 (72.1) | 50.5 (107.6) | 128.1 (315.4) |
10th / 90th percentile | 14 / 558 | 13 / 450 | 4 / 196 | 12 / 244 | 4 / 130 | 3 / 211 | 7 / 211 | 2 / 95 | 7 / 291 |
Range | 0–5301 | 0–6091 | 0–2175 | 0–1847 | 0–1011 | 0–922 | 0–288 | 0–759 | 0–6091 |
Area of public open space, 1000 ma | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 146.8 (1074.2) | 72.3 (176.1) | 92.0 (1289.1) | 3636.0 (35,995.0) | 743.4 (3793.0) | 45,925.1 (293,905.1) | 130.4 (405.2) | 863.8 (16,811.7) | 3277.4 (71,988.1) |
10th / 90th percentile | 0 / 94 | 4 / 167 | 1 / 69 | 2 / 89 | 9 / 501 | 2 / 202 | 1 / 119 | 16 / 303 | 2 / 176 |
Range | 0–15,744 | 0–2714 | 0–45,054 | 0–363,544 | 0–37,903 | 0–1,927,958 | 0–1685 | 0–393,282 | 0–1,927,958 |
Area of public open space, 1500 ma | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 339.4 (1804.8) | 147.5 (247.6) | 223.1 (2439.8) | 4333.9 (39,095.8) | 1125.6 (4118.2) | 112,989.9 (452,817.2) | 306.4 (585.0) | 4243.2 (39,249.3) | 7672.2 (112,370.1) |
10th / 90th percentile | 8 / 196 | 20 / 322 | 9 / 126 | 9 / 190 | 29 / 2610 | 12 / 1563 | 8 / 1658 | 52 / 578 | 12 / 414 |
Range | 0–17,989 | 1–2718 | 0–45,265 | 0–363,553 | 0–38,088 | 0–1,927,958 | 0–1702 | 6–393,339 | 0–1,927,958 |
Population density | |||||||||
Mean (SD) | 3958.6 (2916.6) | 3008.4 (2270.3) | 1998.3 (1173.5) | 2055.6 (727.7) | 1764.9 (945.9) | 1244.3 (848.7) | 1482.4 (778.4) | 1682.9 (807.2) | 2398.5 (1954.2) |
10th / 90th percentile | 1071 / 7976 | 1017 / 4783 | 478 / 3361 | 969 / 2839 | 496 / 3050 | 152 / 2362 | 275 / 2597 | 735 / 2747 | 639 / 4163 |
Range | 0–20,384 | 0–25,743 | 1.6–7542 | 2.8–3622 | 0–4519 | 3.5–3084 | 0–2849 | 0–4893 | 0–257,436 |