Characteristic | Men | Women | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total N = 857 | HF N = 66 | DLVD N = 408 | Total N = 819 | HF N = 51 | DLVD N = 382 | ||
Age (m, sd) | 73 (5) | 76 (5) | 74 (5) | 73 (5) | 75 (5) | 74 (5) | |
Education level | <= Primary School | 27.0* | 37.9 | 27.7* | 39.4* | 43.1 | 42.4* |
Junior High School | 22.1* | 21.2 | 19.9* | 22.6* | 25.5 | 21.7* | |
> = High School | 50.9* | 40.9 | 52.4* | 38.0* | 31.4 | 35.9* | |
Smoking habit | Never | 30.5* | 15.1* | 28.4* | 66.5* | 56.9* | 67.0* |
Ever | 69.5* | 84.9* | 71.6* | 33.5* | 43.1* | 33.0* | |
Alcohol consumption | No | 26.8* | 36.4 | 27.2* | 56.2* | 47.1 | 55.8* |
Yes | 73.2* | 63.6 | 72.8* | 43.8* | 52.9 | 44.2* | |
Physical activity | No | 52.9* | 57.6 | 56.1* | 62.7* | 76.5 | 64.7* |
Occasionally | 23.4* | 24.2 | 21.1* | 20.0* | 11.8 | 18.8* | |
Daily | 23.7* | 18.2 | 22.8* | 17.3* | 11.8 | 16.5* | |
BMI | > = 30 | 14.8* | 18.2 | 16.2* | 17.7* | 31.4 | 20.4* |
25–29.9 | 51.2* | 54.6 | 51.5* | 35.3* | 41.2 | 37.4* | |
< 25 | 34.0* | 27.3 | 32.3* | 47.0* | 27.5 | 42.2* | |
Dyslipidemia | No | 63.4* | 72.7* | 65.4* | 47.7* | 45.1* | 50.3* |
Yes | 36.6* | 27.3* | 34.6* | 52.3* | 54.9* | 49.7* | |
Diabetes | No | 80.9* | 74.2 | 76.2* | 86.4* | 86.3 | 83.5* |
Yes | 19.1* | 25.8 | 23.8* | 13.6* | 13.7 | 16.5* | |
Hypertension | No | 41.7 | 25.8 | 37.0 | 40.8 | 17.7 | 36.7 |
Yes | 58.3 | 74.2 | 63.0 | 59.2 | 82.4 | 63.4 | |
Family history of CVD | No | 82.5* | 75.8 | 83.6* | 75.0* | 64.7 | 73.8* |
Yes | 17.5* | 24.2 | 16.4* | 25.0* | 35.3 | 26.2* | |
Ischemic heart diseasea | No | 82.6* | 54.5* | 78.2* | 92.4* | 86.3* | 91.9* |
Yes | 17.4* | 45.5* | 21.8* | 7.6* | 13.7* | 8.1* | |
Atrial fibrillation | No | 92.3 | 81.8 | 90.4 | 93.4 | 84.3 | 92.9 |
Yes | 7.7 | 18.2 | 9.6 | 6.6 | 15.7 | 7.1 | |
Other cardiovascular diseaseb | No | 94.0 | 89.4 | 93.4 | 93.9 | 94.1 | 93.5 |
Yes | 6.0 | 10.6 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.5 | |
Other conditionsc | No | 52.4* | 40.9 | 52.2* | 43.0* | 35.3 | 43.7* |
1–2 | 40.6* | 45.5 | 38.7* | 46.7* | 56.9 | 47.9* | |
3+ | 7.0* | 13.6 | 9.1* | 10.3* | 7.8 | 8.4* | |
Use of diuretics | No | 77.7* | 53.0 | 73.8 | 73.1* | 39.2 | 68.9 |
Yes | 22.3* | 47.0 | 26.2 | 26.9* | 60.8 | 31.1 | |
Use of ARBs | No | 77.0 | 74.2* | 75.7 | 75.2 | 56.9* | 72.0 |
Yes | 23.0 | 25.8* | 24.3 | 24.8 | 43.1* | 28.0 | |
Use of Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | No | 71.3* | 53.0 | 67.4* | 78.7* | 70.6 | 76.7* |
Yes | 28.7* | 47.0 | 32.6* | 21.3* | 29.4 | 23.3* | |
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists | No | 98.1 | 92.4 | 97.8 | 98.9 | 94.1 | 98.7 |
Yes | 1.9 | 7.6 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 5.9 | 1.3 | |
Beta blockers | No | 82.2 | 68.2 | 78.9 | 82.3 | 68.6 | 81.2 |
Yes | 17.8 | 31.8 | 21.1 | 17.7 | 31.4 | 18.8 | |
Statins | No | 76.8 | 66.7 | 76.0 | 73.6 | 66.7 | 75.4 |
Yes | 23.2 | 33.3 | 24.00 | 26.4 | 33.3 | 24.6 | |
Antiarrhythmic drugs | No | 96.0 | 90.9 | 95.1 | 96.2 | 92.2 | 96.3 |
Yes | 4.0 | 9.1 | 4.9 | 3.8 | 7.8 | 3.7 | |
Antiaggregant drugs | No | 68.7* | 56.1 | 64.9* | 74.9* | 56.9 | 73.0* |
Yes | 31.3* | 43.9 | 35.1* | 25.2* | 43.1 | 27.0* | |
Calcium channel blockers | No | 79.1* | 75.8 | 77.0 | 83.6* | 66.7 | 82.2 |
Yes | 20.9* | 24.2 | 23.0 | 16.4* | 33.3 | 17.8 | |
Creatinine level (mg/dl) (mean, sd) | 1.06 (0.27)* | 1.11 (0.30)* | 1.09 (0.30)* | 0.85 (0.24)* | 0.90 (0.30)* | 0.87 (0.23)* | |
% Ejection Fraction (mean,sd) | 65.0 (8.1)* | 53.0 (12.6)* | 62.5 (9.6)* | 67.4 (6.3)* | 62.7 (11.8)* | 66.4 (6.9)* | |
E/A wave ratio | 0.81 (0.27) | 0.84 (0.53) | 0.77 (0.34) | 0.80 (0.23) | 0.79 (0.43) | 0.73 (0.25) | |
E/e’ | 7.7 (2.8)* | 9.5 (3.1)* | 8.9 (2.9)* | 8.6 (3.4)* | 11.2 (4.4)* | 9.9 (3.9)* | |
NT-pro BNP (pg/mL)(median, P25-P75) | 78 (40–174)* | 389 (119–1117)* | 107 (49–249)* | 102 (53–180)* | 129 (76–399)* | 105 (56–185)* |