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Table 2 Proportion (%) of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control among Chinese adults with hypertension (HTN) based on CHNS 2011

From: Factors associated with awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among 3579 hypertensive adults in China: data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

 

Awareness

(1993)

Treatment

(1664)

Control

(728)

HTN

Awarenessa

HTN

Treatedb

Age group (years)

 18–49

36.2

25.9

71.7

12.7

49.0

 50–64

58.1**

48.6**

83.6**

22.2**

45.7

 65+

64.8**

56.8**

87.6**

22.8**

32.9

Residence

 Rural

48.0

38.4

80.0

13.5

35.2

 Urban

66.6**

58.0**

87.0**

30.0**

51.7**

Geographic region

 Central China

50.1

39.6

79.0

13.3

33.6

 Western China

47.2

39.1

82.9

15.7

40.2

 Eastern China

62.6**

53.8**

85.1**

26.6**

49.4**

Ethnicity

 Han

56.7

47.5

83.7

21.3

44.9

 Minority

44.1**

35.0**

79.4

9.1**

26.0

Marital status*

 Unmarried

58.9

49.8

84.5

19.6

39.5

 Single

55.0

45.8

83.3

20.5

44.7

Occupational status

 Unemployed

64.5

56.4

87.4

24.4

43.3

 Employed

44.6**

34.0**

76.3**

15.2**

44.7

Health insurance

 Not insured

51.3

42.0

81.8

19.3

46.0

 Insured

55.9

46.7

83.6

20.4

43.7

Education

  ≤ Elementary school

54.2

45.0

82.9

16.0

35.6

 Middle school

52.9

43.8

82.9

21.2

48.4**

 High school

60.0§

51.6

86.1

27.1**

52.5**

  ≥ Collage

65.9**

54.8

83.1

29.9**

54.5**

Smoking

 Non-smoker

58.4

50.1

85.7

21.7

43.3

 Ex-smoker

68.4

55.3

80.8

28.5§

51.6

 Smoker

46.3**

36.0**

77.8**

15.3**

42.6

Alcohol consumption

 Not drinking

58.7

50.9

86.8

21.5

42.1

 Drinking

50.0**

38.1**

76.0**

18.2§

47.9

Weight status

 Normal weight (BMI < 24)

50.7

40.5

79.8

20.2

50.0

 Overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 28)

58.6**

49.6**

84.8§

21.8

43.8

 Obese (BMI ≥ 28)

59.4**

51.6**

83.5

17.7

34.4**

  1. 3579 adults with hypertension;
  2. Hypertension was defined as having an average systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, self-reported being previously diagnosed as hypertension by a physician or taking antihypertension drugs currently;
  3. Non-smoker was defined as subjects who responded negatively to “have you ever smoked cigarettes?”; ex-smoker was defined as subjects who responded positively to questions “have you ever smoked cigarettes?” but negatively to “do you still smokes cigarettes?”; current smoker was defined as subjects who responded both positive answers to questions “have you ever smoked cigarettes?” and “do you still smokes cigarettes?”; drinking refers to subject who regularly drink alcohol since last year
  4. Awareness of hypertension status was defined as a self-report of hypertension diagnosed by a doctor before, or taking any antihypertensive drugs;
  5. Control of hypertension was defined as blood pressure (SBP/DBP) < 140/90 mmHg;
  6. *Single includes never married, divorced, widowed and separated;
  7. Western China includes Guangxi, Guizhou and Chongqing; Eastern China includes Shanghai, Beijing, Jiangsu, Liaoning and Shandong; Central China includes Henan, Hubei, Henan and Heilongjiang;
  8. Chi-square test were performed §p < 0.05, p < 0.01, **p < 0.001
  9. a Treatment among subjects who were aware of their hypertension;
  10. b Control among participant who took antihypertension medications;