| |
All
|
Women
|
Men
|
P-value**
|
|---|
|
Sample size (N)
|
3579
|
1775
|
1804
| |
|
Age (year, mean ± SD)
|
60.0 ± 12.4
|
61.6 ± 11.7
|
58.5 ± 12.9
|
< 0.001
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
25.3 ± 5.4
|
25.4 ± 5.2
|
25.2 ± 5.6
|
0.13
|
|
Residence (%)
|
|
Urban
|
41.5
|
41.5
|
41.5
|
1.0
|
|
Rural
|
58.5
|
58.5
|
58.5
| |
|
Geographic regionb (%)
| | | |
0.33
|
|
Western China
|
20.1
|
21.1
|
19.1
| |
|
Eastern China
|
49.4
|
48.6
|
50.3
| |
|
Central China
|
30.5
|
30.3
|
30.6
| |
|
Marital statusa (%)
| | | |
< 0.001
|
|
Married
|
83.2
|
76.0
|
90.3
| |
|
Single
|
16.8
|
24.0
|
9.7
| |
|
Ethnicity
| | | |
1.0
|
|
Han
|
92.0
|
92.0
|
90.0
| |
|
Minority
|
8.0
|
8.0
|
8.0
| |
|
Occupational status (%)
| | | |
< 0.001
|
|
Employed
|
44.1
|
32.1
|
56.0
| |
|
Unemployed
|
55.9
|
67.9
|
44.0
| |
|
Health insurance (%)
|
|
Insured
|
95.8
|
95.9
|
95.7
|
0.82
|
|
Not insured
|
4.2
|
4.1
|
4.3
| |
|
Education (%)
| | | |
< 0.001
|
|
≤ Elementary school
|
48.2
|
60.8
|
35.7
| |
|
Middle school
|
27.4
|
22.4
|
32.4
| |
|
High school
|
17.1
|
13.0
|
21.1
| |
|
≥ College
|
7.3
|
3.8
|
10.8
| |
|
Smoking (%)
| | | |
< 0.001
|
|
Non-smoker
|
65.9
|
94.3
|
38.0
| |
|
Ex-smoker
|
6.4
|
0.8
|
11.8
| |
|
Smoker
|
27.7
|
4.9
|
50.2
| |
|
Alcohol consumption (%)
| | | |
< 0.001
|
|
Drinking
|
34.5
|
8.7
|
59.9
| |
|
Not drinking
|
65.5
|
91.3
|
40.1
| |
|
Weight status (%)
| | | |
0.01
|
|
Normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24)
|
36.4
|
36.0
|
36.8
| |
|
Underweight (BMI < 18.5)
|
2.2
|
2.3
|
2.0
| |
|
Overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 28)
|
41.0
|
39.1
|
42.8
| |
|
Obese (BMI ≥ 28)
|
20.5
|
22.6
|
18.4
| |
- Hypertension was defined as having an average systolic blood pressure BP ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, self-reported being previously diagnosed as hypertension by a physician or taking antihypertension drugs currently;
- Non-smoker was defined as subjects who responded negatively to “have you ever smoked cigarettes?”; ex-smoker was defined as subjects who responded positively to questions “have you ever smoked cigarettes?” but negatively to “do you still smokes cigarettes?”; current smoker was defined as subjects who responded both positive answers to questions “have you ever smoked cigarettes?” and “do you still smokes cigarettes?”; drinking refers to subject who regularly drink alcohol since last year
- **p-value was calculated from t-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables
- aSingle includes never married, divorced, widowed and separated;
- bWestern China includes Guangxi, Guizhou and Chongqing; Eastern China includes Shanghai, Beijing, Jiangsu, Liaoning and Shandong; Central China includes Henan, Hubei, Henan and Heilongjiang;
