Adverse childhood experiences and depression among women in rural Pakistan

BMC Public Health

Table 1 ACE Characteristics^a, Bachpan Cohort, Pakistan, N = 889^b

Descriptor	N	%
Neglect
(1) Emotional Neglect	134	15.54
(2) Physical Neglect	49	5.71
Family Psychological Distress
(3) Alcohol and/or drug abuser in the household	24	2.57
(4) Incarcerated household member	16	1.55
(5) Someone chronically depressed, mentally ill, institutionalized or suicidal	21	2.14
(6) Divorce	97	10.97
Home Violence
(7) Physical Abuse	209	23.28
(8) Emotional Abuse	294	32.39
(9) Household member treated violently	130	14.92
Community Violence
(10) Bullying	12	1.25
(11) Community Violence	60	6.56
(12) Collective Violence	4	0.45
Domains
Neglect	173	20.04
Family Psychological Distress	143	15.81
Home Violence	349	38.94
Community Violence	64	6.95
Number of ACEs
0 ACEs	369	41.25
1 ACE	239	27.74
2 ACEs	139	14.98
3 ACEs	82	9.36
4+ ACEs	60	6.67
Total Number of ACEs	Mean	SD
	1.17	1.39

^aAll characteristics are based on mother’s recall at 36 months
^bN’s are unweighted while %, Mean, and SD are weighted by sampling weights and Inverse Probability of Censoring Weights. All items were assessed at 36 months

ISSN: 1471-2458