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Table 3 Torturing Environment Blocks by Gender (N = 201)

From: Beyond torture checklists: an exploratory study of the reliability and construct validity of the Torturing Environment Scale (TES)

Blocks median (IQR)

Men

(N = 159)

Women

(N = 42)

Standardised Test Statistic

Effect Size Estimate (rab)

Context Manipulation

7 (5–9)

7.5 (4–10)

0.463

0.033

Threats-Fear

7 (5–9)

7.5 (5–10)

0.604

0.043

Pain

8 (4–10)

6 (2–8)

−2.798**

0.197

Extreme Pain

0 (0–0)

0 (0–0)

−1.052

0.074

Sexual integrity

0 (0–4)

3 (0–8)

2.261*

0.159

Need to belong

4 (4–6)

4 (4–4)

0,006

0.001

Identity, Meaning

4 (2–6)

6 (4–8)

2.423*

0.171

Coercive Interrogation

10 (8–12)

9 (4–12)

−0.734

0.052

PPT-Manipulation

4.5 (3.5–5.5)

4.75 (3–6)

0.033

0.002

PPT-Physical

2.6 (1.7–3.7)

2.2 (0.5–3)

−2.539*

0.179

PPT-Psychological

4 (3–4.6)

4.1 (2.6–5.6)

0.759

0.054

  1. *p-value < 0.05, **p < 0.01