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Table 5 Association between birth weight for gestational age and body fat indicators

From: Prematurity and body composition at 6, 18, and 30 years of age: Pelotas (Brazil) 2004, 1993, and 1982 birth cohorts

 

FM (kg)

%FM

FMI (kg/m2)

BMI* (kg/m2)

β (CI95%)

β (CI95%)

β (CI95%)

β (CI95%)

Gestational age

Crude

Adjusted

Crude

Adjusted

Crude

Adjusted

Crude

Adjusted

Male

 6 y (2004 Cohort)

p = 0.002

p = 0.483

p = 0.246

p = 0.164

p = 0.034

p = 0.497

p < 0.001

p = 0.030

  SGA

−0.91 (− 1.58; − 2.04)

0.35 (− 0.40; 1.11)

−1.12 (− 2.57; 0.32)

1.20 (− 0.57; 2.97)

−0.43 (− 0.82; − 0.03)

−0.28 (− 0.78; 0.22)

−0.44 (− 0.71; − 0.16)

−0.31 (− 0.66; 0.03)

  AGA

ref

Ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  LGA

0.44 (−0.03; 0.91)

−0.19 (− 0.74; 0.36)

0.24 (− 0.78; 1.27)

−0.79 (− 2.08; 0.49)

0.17 (− 0.11; 0.45)

0.06 (− 0.31; 0.43)

0.35 (0.15; 0.55)

0.22 (− 0.03; 0.47)

 18 y (1993 Cohort)

p = 0.351

p = 0.429

p = 0.333

p = 0.300

p = 0.414

p = 0.327

p = 0.389

p = 0.300

  SGA

0.43 (−1.02; 1.87)

0.31 (− 1.12; 1.74)

0.14 (− 1.18; 1.47)

0.09 (− 1.23; 1.42)

0.14 (− 0.33; 0.60)

0.14 (− 0.33; 0.61)

0.04 (− 0.13; 0.22)

0.18 (− 0.07; 0.43)

  AGA

ref

Ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  LGA

1.00 (−0.40; 2.41)

0.91 (−0.26; 2.56)

0.97 (− 0.31; 2.26)

1.02 (− 0.27; 2.30)

0.29 (− 0.16; 0.74)

0.34 (− 0.12; 0.79)

0.12 (− 0.05; 0.29)

− 0.01 (− 0.27; 0.24)

 30 y (1982 Cohort)

p = 0.999

p = 0.343

p = 0.698

p = 0.754

p = 0.959

p = 0.332

p = 0.946

p = 0.356

  SGA

0.01 (−2.04; 2.06)

1.67 (− 0.71; 4.06)

−0.12 (− 1.74; 1.50)

0.08 (−1.63; 1.79)

0.09 (− 0.57; 0.74)

0.54 (− 0.23; 1.31)

0.13 (− 0.74; 1.00)

0.73 (− 0.29; 1.74)

  AGA

ref

Ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  LGA

0.00 (−1.75; 1.76)

0.70 (− 1.30; 2.70)

0.13 (− 1.25; 1.52)

0.56 (− 0.90; 2.02)

0.05 (− 0.51; 0.61)

0.25 (− 0.40; 0.89)

− 0.05 (− 0.79; 0.70)

0.21 (− 0.64; 1.06)

Female

 6 y (2004 Cohort)

p < 0.001

p = 0.934

p = 0.011

p = 0.517

p < 0.001

p = 0.612

p < 0.001

p = 0.351

  SGA

−0.94 (−1.70; − 0.18)

0.20 (− 0.93; 1.33)

−1.44 (− 3.01; 0.14)

1.46 (− 1.11; 4.03)

−0.53 (− 0.99; − 0.07)

0.40 (− 0.39; 1.19)

− 0.41 (− 0.67; − 0.14)

0.32 (− 0.21; 0.77)

  AGA

ref

Ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  LGA

0.93 (0.41; 1.45)

−0.02 (− 0.87; 0.83)

1.18 (0.11; 2.26)

− 0.65(− 2.58; 1.28)

0.45 (0.14; 0.76)

− 0.11 (− 0.70; 0.48)

0.34 (0.16; 0.52)

− 0.13 (− 0.47; 0.21)

 18 y (1993 Cohort)

p = 0.100

p = 0.719

p = 0.170

p = 0.697

p = 0.110

p = 0.633

p = 0.219

p = 0.438

  SGA

1.29 (−0.03; 2.61)

0.46 (−1.43; 2.36)

0.95 (− 0.15; 2.0)

0.06 (− 1.51; 1.63)

0.50 (− 0.00; 1.00)

0.23 (− 0.49; 0.95)

0.15 (− 0.02; 0.32)

0.12 (− 0.12; 0.36)

  AGA

ref

Ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

  LGA

−0.49 (−1.94; 0.87)

0.40 (−1.67; 2.48)

− 0.32 (− 1.53; 0.89)

0.60 (− 1.08; 2.36)

− 0.14 (− 0.69; 042)

0.15 (− 0.63; 0.94)

0.01 (− 0.17; 0.20)

0.05 (− 0.22; 0.31)

 30 y (1982 Cohort)

p = 0.046

p = 0.065

p = 0.093

p = 0.999

p = 0.056

p = 0.900

p = 0.093

p = 0.883

  SGA

1.12 (−0.92; 3.16)

1.29 (− 0.83; 3.41)

0.70 (− 0.71; 2.12)

0.07 (− 1.54; 1.68)

0.53 (− 0.24; 1.30)

0.15 (− 0.50; 0.80)

0.71 (− 0.30; 1.72)

0.20 (− 0.68; 1.07)

  AGA

ref

Ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

ref

LGA

−1.95 (−3.82; 3.16)

− 1.78 (− 3.72; 0.15)

−1.18 (−2.47; 0.12)

0.09 (− 1.29; 1.46)

− 0.64 (− 1.35; 0.07)

0.03 (− 0.52; 0.59)

− 0.69 (− 1.62; 0.24)

−0.06 (− 0.81; 0.68)

  1. FM fat mass, %FM percentage of fat mass, FMI fat mass index, BMI body mass index, SGA small for gestational age, AGA adequate for gestational age, LGA large for gestational age. At 6 years, BMI in Z-score
  2. β refers to linear regression models. Models were adjusted for maternal (education, age, family income at birth, smoking during pregnancy, and pre-gestational BMI) and the cohort participant characteristics (skin color and height (except for FMI and BMI))
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BMC Public Health

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