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Table 1 Means and standard deviations of body fat indicators according to gestational age

From: Prematurity and body composition at 6, 18, and 30 years of age: Pelotas (Brazil) 2004, 1993, and 1982 birth cohorts

Gestational age

Male

 

Female

FM (kg)

FM (%)

FMI (kg/m2)

BMIa (kg/m2)

 

FM (kg)

FM (%)

FMI (kg/m2)

BMIa (kg/m2)

6 y (2004 Cohort)

N

Mean (SD)

p < 0.001

Mean (SD)

p < 0.001

Mean (SD)

p < 0.001

Mean (SD)

p < 0.001

N

Mean (SD)

p = 0.002

Mean (SD)

p = 0.001

Mean (SD)

p = 0.003

Mean (SD)

p = 0.012

≤33

36

4.8 (3.3)

19.8 (6.8)

3.2 (1.8)

0.05 (1.5)

32

5.8 (3.1)

23.9 (7.1)

4.1 (1.8)

0.51 (1.2)

34 to 36

167

5.1 (3.7)

20.2 (7.4)

3.4 (2.1)

0.21 (1.6)

165

5.7 (3.2)

23.2 (7.2)

3.9 (1.9)

0.40 (1.2)

37 to 41

1361

6.1 (3.6)

22.5 (7.9)

4.0 (2.1)

0.81 (1.5)

1275

6.8 (4.0)

25.5 (8.0)

4.6 (2.4)

0.72 (1.4)

Total

1564

5.9 (3.6)

22.2 (7.9)

3.9 (2.1)

0.72 (1.5)

1472

6.6 (3.8)

25.2 (7.9)

4.5 (2.3)

0.67 (1.4)

18 y (1993 Cohort)

N

Mean (SD)

p = 0.873

Mean (SD)

p = 0.711

Mean (SD)

p = 0.938

Mean (SD)

p = 0.839

N

Mean (SD)

p = 0.660

Mean (SD)

p = 0.519

Mean (SD)

p = 0.710

Mean (SD)

p = 0.746

≤33

32

12.6 (13.4)

15.7 (10.5)

4.4 (4.5)

23.4 (5.7)

42

19.6 (9.5)

31.4 (8.4)

7.6 (3.5)

23.1 (4.7)

34 to 36

143

12.5 (10.0)

16.5 (9.1)

4.1 (3.2)

23.2 (4.3)

133

20.9 (8.7)

32.7 (7.8)

8.1 (3.4)

23.7 (4.6)

37 to 41

1337

12.9 (9.5)

16.8 (8.8)

4.2 (3.1)

23.4 (4.2)

1340

20.9 (9.6)

32.8 (7.9)

8.0 (3.6)

25.5 (4.9)

Total

1512

12.7 (9.6)

16.6 (8.8)

4.2 (3.1)

23.3 (4.2)

1515

20.8 (9.4)

32.7 (7.8)

8.0 (3.6)

23.5 (4.8)

30 y (1982 Cohort)

N

Mean (SD)

p = 0.047

Mean (SD)

p = 0.012

Mean (SD)

p = 0.034

Mean (SD)

p = 0.279

N

Mean (SD)

p = 0.559

Mean (SD)

p = 0.419

Mean (SD)

p = 0.600

Mean (SD)

p = 0.553

≤33

4

35.0 (5.6)

37.7 (2.6)

11.6 (1.6)

30.7 (2.6)

5

23.2 (6.0)

37.2 (3.8)

9.1 (2.0)

24.2 (3.4)

34 to 36

141

20.8 (10.9)

24.1 (9.2)

6.8 (3.5)

26.8 (4.5)

160

26.1 (12.1)

36.6 (9.1)

10.0 (4.6)

26.3 (5.8)

37 to 41

1177

21.4 (11.4)

24.7 (9.0)

7.0 (3.7)

27.0 (4.9)

1157

27.0 (11.9)

37.3 (8.4)

10.3 (4.5)

26.6 (5.9)

Total

1322

21.4 (11.3)

24.6 (9.0)

7.0 (3.7)

27.0 (4.9)

1322

26.8 (11.9)

37.2 (8.4)

10.3 (4.5)

26.5 (5.9)

  1. BMI body mass index, SD standard deviation, FM fat mass in kg, %FM percent of fat mass, FMI fat mass index in kg/m2
  2. aAt 6 years, BMI in Z-score
  3. P-values calculated by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicating the difference in means of body fat and BMI, between gestational age groups within each cohort
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