Inequality, chronic undernutrition, maternity, and diabetes mellitus as the determinant of anemia among ever-married women in Bangladesh

Table 3 Summary measures of SES inequality and the prevalence of anemia, underweight, diabetes and prediabetes among reproductive age group women aged 15 to 49 years

Variable	Concentration index^c	Standard error (SE)	P-value
Underweight women	−.52	.03	<.001
Anemic women	−.42	.01	.002
Pre-diabetic women	−.32	.01	.04
Diabetic women	−.30	.04	.02

^C Obtained by the formula 2σ² _r (h_i/μ) = α + βr_{i +}ε_i;, h is the health variable whose inequality is being measured, μ is its mean, r_i is the ith individual’s fractional rank (for example if a women is underweight and which SES group she is belonging) in the socioeconomic distribution, σ² _r is the variance of the fractional rank, The estimate β is equal to the concentration index, r_{i =} underweight women, anemic women, pre-diabetic women, diabetic women α is constant (underweight women = .65, anemic women = .95, pre-diabetic women = .94, diabetic women = .84) and ε_i is the error term. Concentration index has a negative value when the health indicator is concentrated among the disadvantaged; A positive value when the health indicator is concentrated among the advantaged; When there is no inequality the value is equals 0; the theoretical maximum is ±1

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