Table 4 Unadjusted Prevalence Ratios (PR): current vs. nonsmokers; former vs nonsmokers n = 972
From: Persistent disparities in smoking among rural Appalachians: evidence from the Mountain Air Project
Variable | Total | % | Current Smoker | Former Smoker | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | PR | 95%CI | n | PR | 95% CI | |||
Age | ||||||||
  < 45 | 290 | 29.8 | 137 | 2.04 | 1.51–2.74 | 34 | 0.48 | 0.34–0.66 |
 45–64 | 444 | 45.7 | 145 | 1.61 | 1.19–2.17 | 102 | 0.73 | 0.59–0.90 |
 65 and > | 238 | 24.5 | 38 | Ref | – | 94 | Ref | – |
Gender | ||||||||
 Male | 401 | 41.3 | 134 | Ref | – | 113 | Ref | – |
 Female | 571 | 58.7 | 186 | 0.88 | 0.74–1.04 | 117 | 0.72 | 0.58–0.88 |
Education (n = 971) | ||||||||
 HS degree or less | 558 | 57.6 | 223 | 1.87 | 1.54–2.26 | 149 | 1.72 | 1.38–2.15 |
  > HS degree | 410 | 42.3 | 96 | Ref | – | 81 | Ref | – |
Partner status | ||||||||
 Partnered | 559 | 57.5 | 149 | Ref | – | 140 | Ref | – |
 Not partnered | 413 | 42.5 | 171 | 1.49 | 1.27–1.76 | 90 | 1.09 | 0.89–1.35 |
BMI (n = 924) | ||||||||
 Underweight/normal | 235 | 25.4 | 105 | Ref | – | 48 | Ref | – |
 Overweight | 276 | 29.9 | 93 | 0.80 | 0.65–0.97 | 67 | 0.99 | 0.74–1.33 |
 Obese | 413 | 44.7 | 109 | 0.63 | 0.52–0.77 | 108 | 0.95 | 0.73–1.25 |
As adult ever live with smoker | ||||||||
 No | 346 | 35.6 | 28 | Ref | – | 14.7 | Ref | – |
 Yes | 626 | 64.4 | 292 | 6.9 | 4.8–9.9 | 28.7 | 3.4 | 2.6–4.4 |
<  16 years old live with smoker | ||||||||
 No | 286 | 29.4 | 70 | Ref | – | 58 | Ref | – |
 Yes | 686 | 70.6 | 250 | 1.6 | 1.3–2.0 | 172 | 1.5 | 1.2–1.9 |
Household income (n = 735) | ||||||||
  < $10,000 | 252 | 34.3 | 142 | 3.01 | 1.88–4.81 | 45 | 1.54 | 1.07–2.20 |
 $10–$24,999 | 199 | 27.1 | 70 | 2.132 | 1.27–3.59 | 47 | 1.34 | 0.93–1.93 |
 $25–$49,999 | 138 | 18.8 | 32 | 4.52 | 2.89–7.07 | 40 | 1.39 | .96–2.02 |
 $50,000 and > | 146 | 19.8 | 17 | Ref | – | 35 | Ref | – |
Financial status (n = 964) | ||||||||
 Struggle to make ends meet | 416 | 43.1 | 201 | 2.81 | 1.78–4.43 | 83 |  |  |
 Enough to get by | 364 | 37.8 | 101 | 4.47 | 2.89–6.93 | 97 | 1.28 | 0.95–1.70 |
 More than enough | 184 | 19.1 | 18 | Ref | – | 50 | Ref | – |
Employment | ||||||||
 Not employed | 708 | 72.9 | 261 | 2.24 | 1.47–3.40 | 184 | 1.68 | 0.94–2.99 |
 Employed part time | 49 | 5.0 | 19 | 2.24 | 1.68–2.98 | 10 | 2.01 | 1.47–2.74 |
 Employed full time | 215 | 22.1 | 40 | Ref | – | 36 | Ref | – |
Have dusty job (n = 875) | ||||||||
 No | 529 | 60.5 | 153 | Ref | – | 115 | Ref | – |
 Yes | 345 | 39.5 | 126 | 1.41 | 1.18–1.67 | 101 | 1.52 | 1.23–1.87 |
Current asthma | ||||||||
 No | 862 | 88.7 | 278 | Ref | – | 206 | Ref | – |
 Yes | 110 | 11.3 | 42 | 1.15 | 0.91–1.45 | 24 | 1.00 | 0.71–1.40 |
Ever Dx emphysema | ||||||||
 No | 897 | 92.3 | 280 | Ref | – | 211 | Ref | – |
 Yes | 75 | 7.7 | 40 | 1.74 | 1.44–2.10 | 19 | 1.58 | 1.14–2.18 |
Ever Dx black lung/pneumonia (n = 970) | ||||||||
 No | 872 | 89.9 | 295 | Ref | – | 197 | Ref | – |
 Yes | 98 | 10.1 | 25 | 0.88 | 0.64–1.21 | 32 | 1.30 | 0.98–1.72 |
Ever Dx chronic bronchitis | ||||||||
 No | 814 | 83.7 | 250 | Ref | – | 187 | Ref | – |
 Yes | 158 | 16.3 | 70 | 1.54 | 1.29–1.83 | 43 | 1.49 | 1.17–1.89 |
Ever Dx COPD | ||||||||
 No | 767 | 78.9 | 215 | Ref | – | 178 | Ref | – |
 Yes | 205 | 21.1 | 105 | 1.89 | 1.62–2.19 | 52 | 1.62 | 1.20–2.03 |