Table 2 Participants’ characteristics in the thought groups
Characteristics | ‘no thoughts’ group (n = 334) | ‘low frequency and negative thoughts’ group (n = 124) | ‘low frequency and positive thoughts’ group (n = 155) | ‘high frequency and negative thoughts’ group (n = 88) | ‘high frequency and positive thoughts’ group (n = 25) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) / (M ± SD) | n (%) / (M ± SD) | n (%) / (M ± SD) | n (%) / (M ± SD) | n (%) / (M ± SD) | |
Age (years) | 68.4 ± 8.9 | 67.4 ± 10.1 | 68.6 ± 9.7 | 63.4 ± 11.0 | 65.5 ± 9.4 |
Female | 127 (38.0) | 52 (41.9) | 53 (34.2) | 28 (31.8) | 13 (52.0) |
Education | |||||
 No graduation | 61 (18.8) | 33 (26.8) | 21 (13.9) | 25 (29.4) | 6 (25.0) |
 Other graduation | 248 (76.5) | 81 (65.9) | 123 (81.5) | 54 (63.5) | 17 (70.8) |
 University degree | 15 (4.6) | 9 (7.3) | 7 (4.6) | 6 (7.1) | 1 (4.2) |
Employment | 77 (23.7) | 28 (22.8) | 32 (21.2) | 31 (35.6) | 9 (36.0) |
Married and living together | 260 (78.3) | 93 (75.6) | 114 (74.0) | 60 (68.2) | 16 (64.0) |
Migration background | 43 (12.9) | 18 (14.6) | 29 (18.7) | 25 (28.4) | 5 (20.0) |
Type of diabetes | |||||
 Type 1 diabetes | 21 (6.4) | 12 (9.7) | 13 (8.4) | 11 (12.6) | 2 (8.0) |
 Type 2 diabetes | 294 (89.1) | 95 (76.6) | 135 (87.7) | 70 (80.5) | 22 (88.0) |
 Other | 2 (0.6) | 3 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) |
 Not known to participants | 13 (3.9) | 14 (11.3) | 6 (3.9) | 4 (4.6) | 1 (4.0) |
Diabetes duration (10 ≤ years) | 150 (46.7) | 64 (53.3) | 80 (52.6) | 42 (50.0) | 13 (52.0) |
Oral glucose-lowering drugs | 237 (71.0) | 86 (69.4) | 102 (65.8) | 54 (61.4) | 17 (68.0) |
Insulin | 79 (23.7) | 37 (29.8) | 48 (31.0) | 37 (42.0) | 12 (48.0) |
No. of comorbidities | 3.3 ± 1.6 | 3.8 ± 2.0 | 3.9 ± 2.3 | 4.4 ± 2.5 | 4.5 ± 3.3 |
Perceived health status | |||||
 Very good–excellent | 44 (13.1) | 4 (3.2) | 13 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.0) |
 Good | 240 (71.9) | 48 (39.0) | 95 (61.3) | 13 (15.3) | 10 (40.0) |
 Fair–poor | 50 (15.0) | 71 (57.8) | 47 (30.3) | 72 (84.7) | 14 (56.0) |
Physical summary score of the SF-12 | 46.5 ± 9.1 | 36.9 ± 9.5 | 42.3 ± 10.8 | 31.8 ± 8.8 | 33.8 ± 12.1 |
Mental summary score of the SF-12 | 54.5 ± 7.6 | 44.9 ± 10.5 | 52.4 ± 8.5 | 37.6 ± 9.9 | 43.4 ± 11.3 |
High diabetes-related distress | 12 (3.9) | 28 (23.7) | 11 (7.5) | 36 (46.2) | 5 (20.0) |
Depressive symptoms | 11 (3.3) | 23 (18.5) | 3 (1.9) | 40 (45.5) | 8 (33.3) |