Table 1 Characteristics of men who have sex with men by sustained viral load suppression, 2017 (n = 3386)
| Â | Total | Sustained viral load suppression | P-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
No, n (%) | Yes, n (%) | |||
Demographic characteristics | ||||
Age group (years) | < 0.0001 | |||
 18–24 | 191 | 51 (26.7) | 140 (73.3) |  |
 25–34 | 817 | 163 (20.0) | 654 (80.0) |  |
 35–49 | 1292 | 183 (14.2) | 1109 (85.8) |  |
 50+ | 1086 | 132 (12.2) | 954 (87.8) |  |
Race | < 0.0001 | |||
 Black | 446 | 141 (31.6) | 305 (68.4) |  |
 Hispanic | 2630 | 348 (13.2) | 2282 (86.8) |  |
 White | 310 | 40 (12.9) | 270 (87.1) |  |
Birth region | < 0.0001 | |||
 United States | 847 | 194 (22.9) | 653 (77.1) |  |
 Mexico/Central America | 342 | 58 (17.0) | 284 (83.0) |  |
 Caribbean | 1348 | 186 (13.8) | 1162 (86.2) |  |
 South America | 765 | 80 (10.5) | 685 (89.5) |  |
 Other | 84 | 11 (13.1) | 73 (86.9) |  |
Mainland US Born | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes (excludes Puerto Rico, US Virgin Island and other US territories) | 847 | 194 (22.9) | 653 (77.1) |  |
 No | 2539 | 335 (13.2) | 2204 (86.8) |  |
Preferred language | < 0.0001 | |||
 English | 1239 | 255 (20.6) | 984 (79.4) |  |
 Spanish | 2081 | 261 (12.5) | 1820 (87.5) |  |
 Other | 66 | 13 (19.7) | 53 (80.3) |  |
Health care environment characteristics | ||||
Number of Ryan White clients that client’s physician cares for | < 0.0001 | |||
 1–9 | 72 | 6 (8.3) | 66 (91.7) |  |
 10–29 | 97 | 16 (16.5) | 81 (83.5) |  |
 30–99 | 537 | 113 (21.0) | 424 (79.0) |  |
 100–199 | 910 | 138 (15.2) | 772 (84.8) |  |
 200+ | 1585 | 212 (13.4) | 1373 (86.6) |  |
 Unknown | 185 | 44 (26.8) | 141 (76.2) |  |
Enrolled in the Affordable Care Act health insurance exchange | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 643 | 53 (8.2) | 590 (91.8) |  |
 No | 2743 | 476 (17.4) | 2267 (82.6) |  |
HIV/AIDS-related health status | ||||
AIDS symptoms (current) | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 36 | 19 (52.8) | 17 (47.2) |  |
 No | 3350 | 510 (15.2) | 2840 (84.8) |  |
Diagnosis of AIDS (history) | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 1021 | 208 (20.4) | 813 (79.6) |  |
 No | 2365 | 321 (13.6) | 2044 (86.4) |  |
Factors in substance use index | ||||
 Mean (SD) | −0.02 (0.96) | 0.34 (1.44) | −0.09 (0.82) |  |
 Median (IQR) | −0.33 (0) | −0.33 (0.74) | − 0.33 (0) | < 0.0001 |
Alcohol use | < 0.0001 | |||
 Used alcohol in the last 12 months | 418 | 110 (26.3) | 308 (73.7) |  |
 Did not use alcohol in last 12 months | 2968 | 419 (14.1) | 2549 (85.9) |  |
Drug use | < 0.0001 | |||
 Used drugs in the last 12 months | 235 | 85 (36.2) | 150 (63.8) |  |
 Did not use drugs in the last 12 months | 3151 | 444 (14.1) | 2707 (85.9) |  |
Drug use resulted in problems with daily activities/legal issue/hazardous situation | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 56 | 29 (51.8) | 27 (48.2) |  |
 No | 3330 | 500 (15.0) | 2830 (85.0) |  |
Drug use affected adherence | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 172 | 57 (33.1) | 115 (66.9) |  |
 No | 3214 | 472 (14.7) | 2742 (85.3) |  |
Factors in mental health index | ||||
 Mean (SD) | −0.01 (0.99) | 0.33 (1.26) | −0.08 (0.91) |  |
 Median (IQR) | −0.49 (0) | − 0.49 (1.24) | − 0.49 (0) | < 0.0001 |
Feeling depressed or anxious | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 488 | 130 (26.6) | 358 (73.4) |  |
 No | 2898 | 399 (13.8) | 2499 (86.2) |  |
Having difficulty sleeping | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 359 | 99 (27.6) | 260 (72.4) |  |
 No | 3027 | 430 (14.2) | 2597 (85.8) |  |
Receives or needs mental health services | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 486 | 132 (27.2) | 354 (72.8) |  |
 No | 2900 | 397 (13.7) | 2503 (86.3) |  |
Factors in housing and transportation index | ||||
 Mean (SD) | −0.01 (0.99) | 0.38 (1.49) | −0.08 (0.84) |  |
 Median (IQR) | −0.32 (0) | − 0.32 (0) | −0.32 (0) | < 0.0001 |
Homeless | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 133 | 51 (38.4) | 82 (61.7) |  |
 No | 3253 | 478 (14.7) | 2775 (85.3) |  |
Client needs help with transportation to appointments | < 0.0001 | |||
 Yes | 230 | 77 (33.5) | 153 (66.5) |  |
 No | 3156 | 452 (14.3) | 2704 (85.7) |  |
Factors in household structure index | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 0.01 (1.03) | −0.06 (0.68) | 0.02 (1.08) |  |
 Median (IQR) | −0.21 (0) | − 0.21 (0) | −0.21 (0) | 0.0805 |
Household size | 0.2042b | |||
 One | 3071 | 492 (16.1) | 2579 (84.0) |  |
 Two | 264 | 30 (11.4) | 234 (88.6) |  |
 Three | 38 | 6 (15.8) | 32 (84.2) |  |
 Four or more | 13 | 1 (7.7) | 12 (92.3) |  |
Number of minors in household | 0.3747b | |||
 None | 3315 | 519 (15.7) | 2796 (84.3) |  |
 One | 54 | 9 (16.7) | 45 (83.3) |  |
 Two | 13 | 0 (0.0) | 13 (100.0) |  |
 Three or more | 4 | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) |  |
Lives with minor only | 0.5987b | |||
 Yes | 6 | 0 (0.0) | 6 (100.0) |  |
 No | 3380 | 529 (15.7) | 2851 (84.4) |  |
Factors in unemployment index | ||||
 Mean (SD) | −0.02 (0.99) | 0.19 (1.01) | −0.06 (0.98) |  |
 Median (IQR) | −0.56 (1.28) | − 0.56 (1.28) | −0.56 (1.28) | < 0.0001 |
Disability that prevents working | 0.5154 | |||
 Yes | 246 | 42 (17.1) | 204 (82.9) |  |
 No | 3140 | 487 (15.5) | 2653 (84.5) |  |
Unemployed | <.0001 | |||
 Yes | 994 | 237 (23.8) | 757 (76.2) |  |
 No | 2392 | 292 (12.2) | 2100 (87.8) |  |
Factors in food insecurity and low social support index | ||||
 Mean (SD) | −0.008 (0.99) | 0.12 (1.24) | −0.03 (0.93) |  |
 Median (IQR) | −0.41 (0) | −0.41 (0) | − 0.41 (0) | 0.0578 |
Client does not have social support system | 0.1721 | |||
 Yes | 626 | 109 (17.4) | 517 (82.6) |  |
 No | 2760 | 420 (15.2) | 2340 (84.8) |  |
Client not getting food he needs | 0.0009 | |||
 Yes | 53 | 17 (32.1) | 36 (67.9) |  |
 No | 3333 | 512 (15.4) | 2821 (84.6) |  |
Neighborhood deprivation index | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 0.34 (0.86) | 0.51 (0.90) | 0.31 (0.85) |  |
 Median (IQR) | 0.15 (1.25) | 0.34 (1.56) | 0.15 (1.12) | < 0.0001 |
Neighborhood residential instability and crime index | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 0.52 (1.07) | 0.60 (1.01) | 0.50 (1.08) |  |
Median (IQR) | 0.41 (1.71) | 0.65 (1.61) | 0.41 (1.74) | 0.0315 |