Table 5 Socio-demographic characteristics of the participants relative to daily or non-daily breakfast intake (mean and SD or percentage)
Variable (percent within item relative to total) | Breakfast Intake | p-value a | |
|---|---|---|---|
Daily | Non-daily | ||
Age (years) | 9.1 ± 1.6 | 9.3 ± 1.8 | 0.266 |
Body weight (kg) | 34.7 ± 18.7 | 36.2 ± 19.1 | 0.332 |
Height (cm) | 132.4 ± 12.0 | 133.6 ± 12.2 | 0.188 |
BMI | 19.1 ± 1.7 | 19.5 ± 1.7 | 0.441 |
Average breakfast intake (day/week) | 7.0 | 2.7 ± 1.7 | <  0.001 |
Parent answering the questionnaire (%) | Â | Â | 0.596 |
 Mother (53.5%) | 21.5 | 78.5 |  |
 Father (43.1%) | 19.6 | 80.4 |  |
 Someone else (3.4%) | 25.7 | 74.3 |  |
The child is living with (%) | Â | Â | 0.692 |
 Both parents (94.3%) | 20.5 | 79.5 |  |
 Mother (4.2%) | 22.7 | 77.3 |  |
 Father (1.3%) | 30.8 | 69.2 |  |
 Relative (0.2%) | 0.0 | 100.0 |  |
Number of family members living in the house (%) | Â | Â | 0.609 |
 2–5 (32.6%) | 19.5 | 80.5 |  |
  6-9 (60.8%) | 22.0 | 78.0 |  |
 10 + (6.6%) | 19.1 | 80.9 |  |
Father’s age (%) |  |  | 0.476 |
  < 30 years (0.3%) | 0.0 | 100.0 |  |
  30-39 years (27.2%) | 23.7 | 76.3 |  |
  40-49 years (46.5%) | 20.0 | 80.0 |  |
 50–59 years (22.5%) | 20.4 | 79.6 |  |
 60 + years (3.5%) | 13.9 | 86.1 |  |
Mother’s age (%) |  |  | 0.095 |
  < 30 years (8.7%) | 15.6 | 84.4 |  |
  30-39 years (54.1%) | 22.5 | 77.5 |  |
  40-49 years (32.6%) | 20.2 | 79.8 |  |
 50–59 years (4.3%) | 13.3 | 86.7 |  |
 60 + years (0.3%) | 66.7 | 33.3 |  |
Father’s education (%) |  |  | <  0.001 |
 Intermediate or less (11.8%) | 12.3 | 87.7 |  |
 High school (32.0%) | 14.8 | 85.2 |  |
 University degree (43.2%) | 24.9 | 75.1 |  |
 Post graduate degree (12.9%) | 30.8 | 69.2 |  |
Mother’s education (%) |  |  | 0.004 |
 Intermediate or less (17.9%) | 18.4 | 81.6 |  |
 High school (31.9%) | 15.2 | 84.8 |  |
 University degree (46.9%) | 25.2 | 74.8 |  |
 Post graduate degree (3.4%) | 25.7 | 74.3 |  |
Family income (%)b | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 5000 SR or less (13.4%) | 13.6 | 86.4 |  |
 5001–10,000 SR (26.4%) | 16.2 | 83.8 |  |
 10,001–15,000 SR (25.1%) | 21.1 | 78.9 |  |
 15,001–20,000 SR (18.3%) | 22.2 | 77.8 |  |
 20,001–25,000 SR (8.1%) | 36.3 | 63.7 |  |
 25,001 + SR (8.8%) | 25.3 | 74.7 |  |
Type of housing living in (%) | Â | Â | 0.295 |
 Apartment (19.8%) | 16.2 | 83.8 |  |
 One floor in a villa (28.2%) | 22.3 | 77.7 |  |
 Small villa (less than 500 m2) (26.0%) | 23.1 | 76.9 |  |
 Medium size villa (500–1000 m2) (21.9%) | 19.5 | 80.5 |  |
 Large villa (more than 1000 m2) (4.1%) | 26.2 | 73.8 |  |