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Table 3 Associations between disease control status and HDI, travel amount, health workforce and IHR scores

From: Are countries’ self-reported assessments of their capacity for infectious disease control reliable? Associations among countries’ self-reported international health regulation 2005 capacity assessments and infectious disease control outcomes

 

Risk of bad Disease control status

2016

2017

All cases

Only human cases

All cases

Only human cases

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

HDI

 Very High

1

1

1

1

 High

2.23 (1.15–4.35)*

1.84 (0.91–3.74)

4.71 (2.53–8.75)***

3.83 (2.00–7.33)***

 Middle-low

1.97 (1.00–3.89)

2.65 (1.25–5.63)*

2.29 (1.24–4.21)**

2.96 (1.53–5.75)**

 low

1.84 (1.04–3.27)*

1.68 (0.87–3.25)

3.59 (2.13–6.07)***

3.11 (1.75–5.54)***

International travel volume

 Low

1

1

1

1

 High

2.19 (1.15–4.19)*

1.85 (0.95–3.60)

2.97 (1.68–5.25)***

2.79 (1.51–5.18)**

Health workforce density

 High

1

1

1

1

 Middle

0.72 (0.27–1.92)

0.60 (0.19–1.84)

2.59 (1.07–6.31)*

3.17 (1.18–8.54)*

 Low

0.80 (0.41–1.56)

0.73 (0.34–1.55)

1.55 (0.88–2.74)

2.24 (1.19–4.22)*

Total Health Expenditure

 High

1

1

1

1

 Middle

2.08 (0.96–4.52)

1.78 (0.82–3.88)

0.83 (0.43–1.59)

0.75 (0.38–1.49)

 Low

3.99 (2.18–7.29)***

2.84 (1.51–5.35)**

2.79 (1.68–4.61)***

1.85 (1.08–3.17)*

IHR average scores

 High

1

1

1

1

 Middle

1.85 (0.89–3.85)

2.05 (0.86–4.89)

NA

 Low

7.83 (4.10–14.95)***

11.16 (5.27–23.61)***

2.23 (1.25–3.96)**

3.45 (1.79–6.66)***

  1. p < 0.1*, p < 0.05** p < 0.01***