Table 3 Bivariate and multivariable analysis of double and triple burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs and its associated factors (n = 2261)

 15–24

1

1

1

1

 25–34

1.61 (0.87–2.98)

1.59 (0.83–3.03)

1.64 (0.88–3.08)

1.96 (1.04–3.71)^*

> 35

2.59 (1.13–5.94)^**

3.08 (1.20–7.86)^**

3.11 (1.34–7.22)^**

3.41 (1.26–9.17)^**

< 19 years

0.13 (0.03–0.45)^**

0.16 (0.04–0.62)^**

0.34 (0.66–1.83)

 20–29 years

0.12 (0.03–0.44)^**

0.16 (0.03–0.64)^**

0.18 (0.03–1.06)

 Above 30 years

1

1

1

 Province 1

0.89 (0.40–2.00)

1.20 (0.50–2.85)

0.89 (0.38–2.03)

1.08 (0.47–2.49)

 Province 2

0.08 (0.02–0.29)^***

0.13 (0.03–0.47)^***

0.10 (0.03–0.33)^***

0.11 (0.03–0.41)^***

 Province 3

1

1

1

1

 Province 4

0.73 (0.31–1.71)

0.97 (0.36–2.61)

0.71 (0.29–1.70)

0.85 (0.31–2.32)

 Province 5

0.51 (0.21–1.22)

0.65 (0.25–1.72)

0.57 (0.23–1.38)

0.65 (0.27–1.59)

 Province 6

0.24 (0.07–.75)^*

0.47 (0.14–1.58)

0.28 (0.09–0.87)^*

0.50 (0.15–1.67)

 Province 7

0.13 (0.04–0.41)^***

0.24 (0.07–0.86)^*

0.14 (0.04–0.45)^***

0.23 (0.06–0.82)^*

 No education

1

1

1

1

 Primary

1.14 (0.55–2.34)

1.04 (0.49–2.22)

1.09 (0.53–2.27)

1.06 (0.46–2.41)

 Secondary

2.43 (1.24–4.76)^*

2.05 (1.03–4.07)^*

2.09 (1.05–4.16)^*

2.05 (1.00–4.18)^*

 higher

1.83 (0.81–4.10)

1.04 (0.43–2.49)

1.57 (0.67–3.71)

1.43 (0.53–3.84)

 Agriculture

1

1

1

1

 No job

1.42 (0.75–2.68)

1.19 (0.58–2.42)

1.33 (0.70–2.52)

1.10 (0.53–2.26)

 Services

2.82 (1.37–5.81)^*

1.34 (0.63–2.86)

2.60 (1.26–5.36)^*

1.33 (0.59–2.96)

 Poor

1

1

1

1

 Middle

1.15 (0.48–2.75)

1.42 (0.54–3.71)

0.98 (0.38–2.49)

1.61 (0.58–4.40)

 Rich

2.89 (1.50–5.54)^***

2.46 (1.17–5.15)^**

2.61 (1.36–5.02)^***

2.66 (1.28–5.54)^***

 Normal height

1

1

1

1

 Short stature

3.19 (1.59–6.39)^***

4.18 (2.04–8.52)^***

4.38 (2.17–8.86)^***

5.01 (2.45–10.24)^***

 No

1

1

1

 Yes

2.39 (1.18–4.84)^*

1.44 (0.68–3.04)

1.95 (0.90–4.25)

 Agriculture

1

1

 No job

0.98 (0.41–2.32)

1.01 (0.40–2.52)

 Services

1.24 (0.53–2.87)

1.27 (0.52–3.07)

 No education

1

1

 Primary

1.81 (0.58–5.75)

1.84 (0.54–6.17)

 Secondary

1.49 (0.54–4.10)

1.36 (0.46–4.00)

 higher

1.64 (0.56–4.80)

1.51 (0.48–4.71)

< 12 months

1

1

1

1

 13–23 months

1.63 (0.80–3.30)

0.85 (0.33–2.20)

2.13 (0.99–4.57)

1.24 (0.47–3.34)

 24–35 months

2.15 (1.04–4.46)^*

1.06 (0.39–2.86)

2.85 (1.33–6.11)^*

1.60 (0.56–4.57)

 36–47 months

2.19 (1.01–4.73)^*

1.18 (0.43–3.24)

2.75 (1.21–6.24)^*

1.71 (0.58–5.02)

 48–59 months

1.76 (0.79–3.89)

0.77 (0.26–2.26)

2.27 (0.98–5.28)

1.17 (0.36–3.75)

 Male

1

1

 Female

0.84 (0.53–1.33)

0.78 (0.49–1.26)

 Yes

1

1

1

1

 No

0.45 (0.22–0.92)^*

0.70 (0.29–1.69)

0.40 (0.19–0.86)^*

0.85 (0.34–2.14)

 Yes

1

1

1

1

 No

0.54 (0.31–0.91)^*

0.71 (0.32–1.56)

0.49 (0.28–0.86)^*

0.79 (0.35–1.74)

 Yes

1

1

1

1

 No

1.97 (1.10–3.51)^*

1.34 (0.64–2.79)

1.93 (1.07–3.47)^*

1.24 (0.59–2.60)

 Average

1

1

1

 Large

1.93 (1.13–3.29)^*

1.57 (0.85–2.92)

1.61 (0.90–2.87)

 Small

1.43 (0.78–2.60)

1.46 (0.77–2.75)

1.53 (0.84–2.81)