Table 5 Socioeconomic factors related with prevalence of diabetes, pre-diabetes, undiagnosed and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in Yazd
| Â | Prevalence of DM a | Prevalence of DM b | Undiagnosed DM b | Uncontrolled DM b | Pre-diabetes b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | |
Gender | |||||
 Male | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
 Female | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 1.1 (0.6–1.8) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) |
Age groups | |||||
 20–29 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
 30–39 | 2.2 (1.3–3.6) | 2.4 (1.0–5.8) | 0.8 (0.3–2.3) | 1.8 (0.2–13.3) | 1.3 (0.9–1.9) |
 40–49 | 5.6 (3.5–9.0) | 6.4 (2.8–14.7) | 2.1 (0.8–5.5) | 2.0 (0.3–13.3) | 2.8 (2.0–4.1) |
 50–59 | 17.3 (11.0–27.3) | 18.7 (8.3–42.2) | 3.7 (1.4–9.5) | 2.0 (0.3–12.8) | 4.3 (3.0–6.2) |
 60–69 | 25.0 (15.8–39.7) | 25.3 (11.1–57.4) | 4.8 (1.8–12.5) | 2.1 (0.3–13.1) | 4.39 (3.0–6.5) |
Education | |||||
 Primary school & less | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
 High school | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) |
 Diploma &Graduate Diploma | 0.7 (0.5–0.8) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) |
 BSc,MSc.Doctorate | 0.6 (0.4–0.7) | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 0.5 (0.2–1.3) | 0.6 (0.5–0.9) |
Health insurance | |||||
 No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
 Yes | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 1.7 (0.5–5.5) | 0.9 (0.3–2.2) | 1.6 (1.0–2.7) |
Employment | |||||
 Employed | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
 Housewife | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 1.0 (0.5–1.9) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) |
 Unemployed | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) | 1.5 (1.1–1.9) | 0.80 (0.5–1.3) | 0.9 (0.5–1.4) | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) |
Marriage status | |||||
 Married | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
 Single | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 0.8 (0.3–1.7) | 0.4 (0.1–1.9) | 0.3 (0.1–1.9) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) |
 Widow/divorced | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | 1.3 (0.6–2.5) | 1.4 (0.8–2.5) | 1.03 (0.7–1.5) |