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Table 3 Multilevel mixed effects estimates for SF36 mental health component

From: A multilevel mixed effects analysis of informal carers health in Australia: the role of community participation, social support and trust at small area level

Variables (no. of observations = 12,767 and no. of SA1s = 5004)

Model 1 Coeff (95% CI)

Model 2 Coeff (95% CI)

Model 3 Coeff (95% CI)

Model 4 Coeff (95% CI)

Model 5 Coeff (95% CI)

Model 6 Coeff (95% CI)

Model 7 Coeff (95% CI)

Variance (Individual-level random effects)

270.740*** (262.516, 279.222)

267.462*** (259.074, 276.121)

245.992*** (238.372, 253.855)

202.326*** (196.193, 208.652)

335.019*** (324.729, 345.634)

183.028*** (177.458, 188.773)

183.003*** (177.434, 188.748)

Variance (SA1 level random effect)

39.162*** (32.587, 47.063)

38.244*** (31.498, 46.434)

25.019*** (19.585, 31.959)

15.656*** (11.755, 20.851)

32.350*** (25.171, 41.577)

12.569*** (9.127, 17.309)

12.556*** (9.116, 17.294)

Variance (Carer random slope)

 

47.688** (23.183, 98.096)

37.779** (16.590, 86.032)

44.053*** (24.043, 80.719)

33.125**(10.240, 107.160)

28.850** (12.680, 65.640)

28.255** (12.210, 65.384)

Covariance (Carer and SA1)

 

4.101 (−10.91, 19.114)

     

Carer

−3.863*** (−4.996, −2.730)

−3.890*** (−5.145, − 2.635)

−4.164*** (−5.335, − 2.994)

−2.626*** (− 3.712, − 1.540)

− 4.264*** (− 5.555, − 2.973)

−1.770*** (− 2.879, −0.661)

1.381 (−8.751, 11.513)

Civic engagement, political participation and breadth of participation

  

0.827*** (0.570, 1.084)

0.630*** (0.399, 0.861)

−0.302** (− 0.602, − 0.003)

.082 (− 0.144, 0.308)

.097 (−.137, 0.331)

Informal social connectedness

  

4.691*** (4.452, 4.930)

1.279*** (1.026, 1.531)

0.628*** (0 .297, 0.959)

1.039*** (0 .790, 1.288)

1.035*** (0.777, 1.293)

Personal social exclusion

   

−4.538*** (− 4.710, − 4.366)

−2.894*** (− 3.130, − 2.657)

− 3.656*** (− 3.832, − 3.479)

−3.669*** (− 3.852, − 3.486)

Personal social cohesion

   

3.063*** (2.844, 3.282)

2.599*** (2.308, 2.890)

2.600*** (2.384, 2.817)

2.659*** (2.434, 2.885)

Trust

    

1.753*** (1.442, 2.063)

1.849*** (1.612, 2.086)

1.823*** (1.577, 2.069)

Distrust

    

−1.170*** (− 1.401, −.940)

− 1.310*** (− 1.482, − 1.139)

− 1.312*** (− 1.489, − 0.134)

Carer # Civic engagement, political participation and breadth of participation

      

−0.091 (− 0.922, 0.740)

Carer # Informal social connectedness

      

1.126** (0.207, 2.046)

Carer # Personal social exclusion

      

−3.456*** (−4.091, −2.820)

Carer # Personal social cohesion

      

1.912*** (1.143, 2.681)

Carer # Trust

      

2.133*** (1.291, 2.976)

Carer # Distrust

      

−1.343*** (−1.964, −0.721)

  1. Notes. All the p-values have been replaced by stars and categorised as follows. ***: p < 0.01; **: p < 0.05; *: p < 0.10; However, confidence intervals use the usual 95% confidence level. Model 1: Null model with SA1 random effects and carer status at individual level; Model 2: Model 1 added with carer random slopes at SA1 level; Model 3: Model 2 added with community participation at individual level; Model 4: Model 3 added with personal social connection at individual level; Model 5: Model 4 added with trust at individual level; Model 6: Model 5 added with other individual level confounders; Model 7: Model 6 with community and social connection interactions with Carer
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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