Table 1 Baseline Patient Characteristics by Distance to Highway (55+) Categories
|  | < 0.25 mile N = 776 | 0.25–0.5 mile N = 988 | 0.5–1 mile N = 1545 | > 1 mile N = 3202 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
 Male | 441 (56.8%) | 566 (57.3%) | 848 (54.9%) | 1803 (56.3%) |
 Female | 335 (43.2%) | 422 (42.7%) | 697 (45.1%) | 1399 (43.7%) |
 Age | 8.0 (6.0–12.0) | 9.0 (6.0–13.0) | 9.0 (6.0–12.0) | 9.0 (6.0–13.0) |
Race | ||||
 Hispanic | 154 (19.8%) | 91 (9.2%) | 221 (14.3%) | 326 (10.2%) |
 Non-Hispanic Black | 465 (59.9%) | 662 (67.0%) | 888 (57.5%) | 1814 (56.7%) |
 Non-Hispanic White | 90 (11.6%) | 143 (14.5%) | 276 (17.9%) | 773 (24.1%) |
 Other | 54 (7.0%) | 74 (7.5%) | 118 (7.6%) | 224 (7.0%) |
 Unavailable/Unknown | 13 (1.7%) | 18 (1.8%) | 42 (2.7%) | 65 (2.0%) |
Atopy | ||||
 No | 293 (37.8%) | 354 (35.8%) | 628 (40.6%) | 1211 (37.8%) |
 Yes | 483 (62.2%) | 634 (64.2%) | 917 (59.4%) | 1991 (62.2%) |
Obesity | ||||
 No | 561 (72.3%) | 707 (71.6%) | 1083 (70.1%) | 2426 (75.8%) |
 Yes | 206 (26.5%) | 264 (26.7%) | 446 (28.9%) | 749 (23.4%) |
 Missing | 9 (1.2%) | 17 (1.7%) | 16 (1.0%) | 27 (0.8%) |
Insurance Type | ||||
 Private | 179 (23.1%) | 290 (29.4%) | 494 (32.0%) | 1313 (41.0%) |
 Public | 565 (72.8%) | 648 (65.6%) | 985 (63.8%) | 1746 (54.5%) |
 Self-pay | 29 (3.7%) | 44 (4.5%) | 62 (4.0%) | 118 (3.7%) |
 Unavailable/Unknown | 3 (0.4%) | 6 (0.6%) | 4 (0.3%) | 25 (0.8%) |
Medication Category | ||||
 No prescriptions | 475 (61.2%) | 577 (58.4%) | 917 (59.4%) | 1890 (59.0%) |
 Only ICS or only LTRA | 229 (29.5%) | 346 (35.0%) | 510 (33.0%) | 1095 (34.2%) |
 Combination | 72 (9.3%) | 65 (6.6%) | 118 (7.6%) | 217 (6.8%) |
SES Status Category | ||||
 25–50 | 414 (53.4%) | 663 (67.1%) | 927 (60.0%) | 1485 (46.4%) |
 50–75 | 260 (33.5%) | 318 (32.2%) | 616 (39.9%) | 1717 (53.6%) |
 Missing | 102 (13.1%) | 7 (0.7%) | 2 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Number of Encounters in past year | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 3.0 (1.0–5.0) |