Table 1 Effect of interventions studied in randomized controlled trials
Study | Health problem population | Name of intervention | Intervention type | Significant positive effect on cognition or perception compared to control group | Significant effect on work participation compared to control group | Should OHPs recommend this intervention? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Self-efficacy | ||||||
 Hampel P. et al., 2019 [12] | Chronic low back pain | Combined cognitive behavioral pain competence and depression prevention training | Intervention including standard multidisciplinary rehabilitation, pain competence training, depression prevention training and homework assignments | Yesa | Yes | Yes |
 Hees H. L. et al., 2013 [13] | Major depressive disorder | Occupational therapy | Intervention focused on problem clarification, coping with stressors and making a re-integration plan | No | No | No |
 Hutting N. et al., 2015 [14] | Chronic non-specific complaints of the arm, neck or shoulder | Self-management intervention | Intervention focused on setting targets for behavior and making action plans including an eHealth module about self-management | No | No | No |
 Muschalla B. et al., 2016 [15] | Orthopedic disorders, cardiologic disorders, neurological disorders | Cognitive behavioral group intervention on work-anxiety | Intervention focused on problem solving, situation and behavior analysis and developing and training coping strategies | No | Yesa | No |
 Wormgoor M. E. A. et al., 2020 [16] | Common mental complaints | Brief psychotherapy | Intervention focused on normalizing, accepting and coping with mental health complaints and their hindrance for work participation | No | Yesb | No |
Perceived health | ||||||
 Fauser D. et al., 2019 [17] | Cancer | Conventional medical rehabilitation plus additional work-related modules | Intervention including exercise therapy, occupational therapy, psychological counseling and work-related functional capacity training | No | No | No |
 Pedersen P. et al., 2015 [18] | Anxiety, depression, other mental illness, stress and burnout, musculoskeletal disorders | Psychoeducation | Intervention with lectures and discussions about problem solving techniques and coping strategies and sessions with relatives | No | No | No |
 Van Eijk-Hustings Y. et al., 2013 [19] | Fibromyalgia | Multidisciplinary intervention with aftercare | Intervention consisting of sociotherapy, physiotherapy, psychotherapy, creative therapy and an aftercare program | No | No | No |
Feelings of control | ||||||
 Muschalla B. et al., 2016 [15] | Orthopedic disorders, cardiologic disorders, neurological disorders | Cognitive behavioral group intervention on work-anxiety | Intervention focused on problem solving, situation and behavior analysis and developing and training coping strategies | No | Yesa | No |
 Pedersen P. et al., 2015 [18] | Anxiety, depression, other mental illness, stress and burnout, musculoskeletal disorders | Psychoeducation | Intervention with lectures and discussions about problem solving techniques and coping strategies and sessions with relatives | Yesc | No | No |
Catastrophizing | ||||||
 Hutting N. et al., 2015 [14] | Chronic non-specific complaints of the arm, neck or shoulder | Self-management intervention | Intervention focused on setting targets for behavior and making action plans including an eHealth module about self-management | No | No | No |
 Rolving N. et al., 2015 [20] | Degenerative disc disease or spondylolisthesis | Cognitive behavioral therapy | Intervention with group discussions about pain perception, coping, pacing principles and RTW including homework assignments about thoughts and feelings in relation to stressful situations, coping strategies, and setting goals | Yesd | No | No |
Fear-avoidance beliefs | ||||||
 Aasdahl L. et al., 2019 [21] | Musculoskeletal, psychological or general and unspecified diagnosis | Short inpatient program | Intervention including acceptance and commitment therapy, physical training, mindfulness, psychoeducation, meetings with an employer and making a RTW plan | No | – | No |
 Aasdahl L. et al., 2019 [21] | Musculoskeletal, psychological or general and unspecified diagnosis | Long inpatient program | Intervention including acceptance and commitment therapy, physical training, mindfulness, psychoeducation, outdoor activities, a network day and making a RTW plan | No | – | No |
 Granviken F. et al., 2015 [22] | Subacromial impingement | Supervised exercise intervention | Intervention with a theory lesson about rehabilitation, supervised exercise therapy focused on movement patterns and home exercises | No | No | No |
 Harris A. et al., 2017 [23] | Non-specific low back pain | Group physical exercise | Intervention with physical exercise in groups and sessions about coping, chronic pain and ergonomics | No | No | No |
 Harris A. et al., 2017 [23] | Non-specific low back pain | Group cognitive behavioral therapy | Intervention with homework consisting of exposure to pain-provoking physical activity and group discussions to change dysfunctional thoughts | No | No | No |
 Marchand G. H. et al., 2015 [24] | Neck and/or back pain | Work-focused intervention | Intervention including contact with a caseworker about work and obstacles to RTW and creating a RTW schedule | No | No | No |
 Ronzi Y. et al., 2017 [25] | Non-specific chronic low back pain | Ambulatory individual physiotherapy | Intervention with individual sessions with active exercises supervised by a physiotherapist and home exercises | No | No | No |
 Ronzi Y. et al., 2017 [25] | Non-specific chronic low back pain | Mixed strategy | Intervention with individual and group sessions with physiotherapy and discussions about beliefs and meetings with a psychologist | No | No | No |
 Vibe Fersum K. et al., 2013 [26] | Non-specific chronic low back pain | Classification-based cognitive functional therapy | Intervention with focus on outlining the vicious cycle of pain based on examination findings, movement exercises and tailored physical activity | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Perceived work-relatedness | ||||||
 Muschalla B. et al., 2016 [15] | Orthopedic disorders, cardiologic disorders, neurological disorders | Cognitive behavioral group intervention on work-anxiety | Intervention focused on problem solving, situation and behavior analysis and developing and training coping strategies | Yes | Yesa | Yes |
Coping strategies | ||||||
 Arends I. et al., 2014 [27] | Common mental disorders | Stimulating healthy participation and relapse prevention at work intervention | Intervention focused on the process of problem solving including inventory of problems, brainstorming about solutions and making an action plan | Yesc,d | Yes | Yes |
 Fauser D. et al., 2019 [17] | Cancer | Conventional medical rehabilitation plus additional work-related modules | Intervention including exercise therapy, occupational therapy, psychological counseling and work-related functional capacity training | No | No | No |
 Harris A. et al., 2017 [23] | Non-specific low back pain | Group physical exercise | Intervention with physical exercise in groups and sessions about coping, chronic pain and ergonomics | No | No | No |
 Harris A. et al., 2017 [23] | Non-specific low back pain | Group cognitive behavioral therapy | Intervention with homework consisting of exposure to pain-provoking physical activity and group discussions to change dysfunctional thoughts | No | No | No |
 Hees H. L. et al., 2013 [13] | Major depressive disorder | Occupational therapy | Intervention focused on problem clarification, coping with stressors and making a re-integration plan | No | No | No |
 Muschalla B. et al., 2016 [15] | Orthopedic disorders, cardiologic disorders, neurological disorders | Cognitive behavioral group intervention on work-anxiety | Intervention focused on problem solving, situation and behavior analysis and developing and training coping strategies | Yesc | Yesa | Yes |