| |
Whole sample
|
Discordant co-twins
|
|---|
|
Among those with CWP and/or CMDs
|
Among those without CWP and CMDs
|
|---|
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
n (%)
|
|---|
|
N
|
7884 (100)
|
162 (100)
|
162 (100)
|
|
Cohort
|
|
SALT
|
5072 (64.3)
|
102 (63.0)
|
102 (63.0)
|
|
STAGE
|
2812 (35.7)
|
60 (37.0)
|
60 (37.0)
|
|
Sick-leave days
|
|
< 90 days
|
6338 (80.4)
|
128 (79.0)
|
123 (75.9)
|
|
90–180 days
|
957 (12.1)
|
19 (11.7)
|
22 (13.6)
|
|
> 180 days
|
589 (7.5)
|
15 (9.3)
|
17 (10.5)
|
|
Sex
|
|
Men
|
2790 (35.4)
|
32 (19.8)
|
46 (28.4)
|
|
Women
|
5094 (64.6)
|
130 (80.3)
|
116 (71.6)
|
|
Age (Mean, SD)
|
46.8 (10.5)
|
46.2 (9.7)
|
46.2 (9.7)
|
|
Zygosity
|
|
Monozygotic
|
2298 (29.2)
|
71 (43.8)
|
71 (43.8)
|
|
Dizygotic same sex
|
2715 (34.4)
|
51 (31.5)
|
51 (31.5)
|
|
Dizygotic opposite sex
|
2727 (34.6)
|
2 (1.2)
|
2 (1.2)
|
|
Unknown zygosity
|
144 (1.8)
|
38 (23.5)
|
38 (23.5)
|
|
Education
|
|
Elementary
|
1647 (20.9)
|
32 (19.8)
|
24 (14.8)
|
|
Secondary
|
4140 (52.5)
|
90 (55.6)
|
98 (60.5)
|
|
Higher education
|
2093 (26.6)
|
40 (24.7)
|
40 (24.7)
|
|
Missing
|
4 (0.1)
|
0 (0)
|
0 (0)
|
|
Children < 18 living at home
|
3048 (38.7)
|
70 (43.2)
|
71 (43.8)
|
|
Type of living area
|
|
Urban
|
4110 (52.1)
|
72 (44.4)
|
72 (44.4)
|
|
Semi-urban/Rural
|
3771 (47.8)
|
90 (55.6)
|
90 (55.6)
|
|
Missing
|
3 (0.04)
|
0 (0)
|
0 (0)
|
|
Self-rated health
|
|
Excellent
|
1740 (22.1)
|
26 (16.1)
|
34 (21.0)
|
|
Good
|
1888 (24.0)
|
36 (22.2)
|
32 (19.8)
|
|
Moderate
|
654 (8.3)
|
20 (12.4)
|
18 (11.1)
|
|
Fairly poor/poor
|
1343 (17.0)
|
26 (16.1)
|
25 (15.4)
|
|
Missing
|
2259 (28.7)
|
54 (33.3)
|
53 (32.7)
|
|
Pain
|
|
Back
|
2220 (28.2)
|
52 (32.1)
|
46 (28.4)
|
|
Neck
|
729 (9.3)
|
29 (17.9)
|
20 (12.4)
|
|
Shoulder
|
1416 (18.0)
|
46 (28.4)
|
30 (18.5)
|
|
Headache
|
1999 (25.4)
|
56 (34.6)
|
46 (28.4)
|
|
Migraine
|
856 (10.9)
|
27 (16.7)
|
24 (14.8)
|
|
Cancer
|
260 (3.3)
|
4 (2.5)
|
7 (3.2)
|
|
CWP and/or CMDs
|
|
No CWP and CMDs
|
6447 (81.8)
|
0 (0)
|
162 (100)
|
|
Having CWP but no CMDs
|
374 (4.7)
|
40 (24.7)
|
0 (0)
|
|
No CWP but having CMDs
|
947 (12.0)
|
107 (66.1)
|
0 (0)
|
|
Having both CWP and CMDs
|
116 (1.5)
|
15 (9.3)
|
0 (0)
|
|
Outcomes
|
|
Disability pension
|
1242 (15.8)
|
35 (21.6)
|
25 (15.4)
|
|
Unemployment (> 90 days)
|
1447 (18.4)
|
34 (21.0)
|
33 (20.4)
|
|
All-cause mortality
|
417 (5.3)
|
11 (6.8)
|
2 (1.2)
|
- * CWP Chronic Widespread pain, CMDs Common mental disorders
