Table 1 Bivariate comparison of demographic characteristics of veterans in community care treatment and mental health clinics onlya
| Â | Mental Health Clinic (1) | Vocational (2) | Homelessness (3) | Criminal Justice (4) | SMI Services (5) | 2 vs 1 | 3 vs 1 | 4 vs 1 | 5 vs 1 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N= | 1,134,377 | 20,921 | 160,273 | 42,985 | 27,931 | Effect Size | ||||||||
Demographics | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Cohen d | |||
 Age (years) | 55.22 | 15.45 | 48.69 | 12.30 | 52.15 | 12.01 | 52.18 | 15.64 | 54.02 | 11.96 | −0.43 | − 0.20 | − 0.20 | −0.08 |
 Income ($) | 25,339.03 | 42,872.53 | 15,658.00 | 22,245.30 | 12,602.47 | 22,973.72 | 19,912.26 | 42,170.73 | 20,693.33 | 23,364.20 | −0.24 | −0.31 | −0.13 | − 0.11 |
| Â | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | Risk Ratio | |||
 Male | 90.3 | 1,024,217 | 89.7 | 18,766 | 90.5 | 145,034 | 94.5 | 40,611 | 88.5 | 24,714 | 0.993 | 1.002 | 1.046 | 0.980 |
Race | ||||||||||||||
 White | 77.5 | 879,022 | 62.0 | 12,968 | 52.8 | 84,636 | 68.1 | 29,281 | 65.0 | 18,149 | 0.800 | 0.681 | 0.879 | 0.839 |
 Black | 16.2 | 183,291 | 31.2 | 6522 | 39.1 | 62,738 | 25.0 | 10,766 | 28.5 | 7957 | 1.929 | 2.423 | 1.550 | 1.763 |
 Hispanic | 17.0 | 192,678 | 14.7 | 3079 | 12.6 | 20,138 | 11.8 | 5059 | 10.0 | 2789 | 0.867 | 0.740 | 0.693 | 0.588 |
 Mixed | 2.1 | 23,692 | 2.5 | 516 | 2.7 | 4356 | 2.1 | 910 | 3.2 | 898 | 1.180 | 1.301 | 1.014 | 1.540 |
 Other | 1.6 | 18,251 | 1.2 | 247 | 1.1 | 1716 | 1.4 | 606 | 1.7 | 473 | 0.733 | 0.665 | 0.876 | 1.054 |
Residence type | ||||||||||||||
 Urban area residence | 68.8 | 780,219 | 78.9 | 16,499 | 85.0 | 136,183 | 76.5 | 32,877 | 81.4 | 22,737 | 1.147 | 1.235 | 1.112 | 1.184 |
 Large rural area residence | 11.5 | 130,283 | 9.5% | 1979 | 6.7% | 10,688 | 9.4% | 4057 | 8.3% | 2330 | 0.824 | 0.581 | 0.822 | 0.726 |
 Small rural area residence | 8.9 | 100,520 | 5.1% | 1075 | 4.0% | 6372 | 6.7% | 2886 | 4.6% | 1297 | 0.580 | 0.449 | 0.758 | 0.524 |
 Isolated rural area residence | 6.7 | 75,455 | 3.6% | 756 | 2.6% | 4144 | 5.2% | 2233 | 2.7% | 750 | 0.543 | 0.389 | 0.781 | 0.404 |
OEF/OIF era | 17.6 | 200,092 | 19.5 | 4085 | 9.9 | 15,798 | 17.9 | 7715 | 8.8 | 2453 | 1.107 | 0.559 | 1.018 | 0.498 |
 Service connected 50% or more | 39.1 | 444,072 | 20.2 | 4227 | 15.0 | 24,062 | 20.5 | 8830 | 43.2 | 12,074 | 0.516 | 0.384 | 0.525 | 1.104 |
 Service connected < 50% | 18.9 | 214,572 | 19.7 | 4117 | 17.0 | 27,195 | 16.1 | 6907 | 11.7 | 3264 | 1.040 | 0.897 | 0.849 | 0.618 |
 Homeless during the year | 1.4 | 15,932 | 10.7 | 2235 | 86.2 | 138,219 | 30.6 | 13,169 | 28.3 | 7894 | 7.606 | 61.404 | 21.813 | 20.123 |