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Table 4 Association between macro level variables and work stressors (ERI, Job Strain; based on linear multilevel models)

From: Associations between change in labour market policies and work stressors: a comparative longitudinal survey data analysis from 27 European countries

 

ERI

Job Strain

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

b

p

b

p

b

p

b

p

b

p

b

p

b

p

b

p

Level 2 (Country-years)

 ALMP (LE)

−.3691

(.005)

−.3613

(.007)

    

−.0702

(.658)

−.0459

(.775)

    

 PLMP (LE)

    

−.0657

(.411)

−.0679

(.396)

    

−.00037

(.968)

−.0074

(.935)

 GDP (LE)

  

−.0003

(.699)

  

−.0007

(.430)

  

−.0010

(.326)

  

−.0010

(.286)

Level 3 (Country)

 ALMP (BE)

.1401

(.210)

.0706

(.625)

    

−.0722

(.663)

−.2705

(.189)

    

 PLMP (BE)

    

.0880

(.176)

.0513

(.548)

    

.0235

(.808)

−.0550

(.662)

 GDP (BE)

  

.0003

(.442)

  

.0002

(.510)

  

.0008

(.123)

  

.0005

(.334)

Constant

.7920

(≤.001)

.7860

(≤.001)

.7901

(≤.001)

.7844

(≤.001)

.8168

(≤.001)

.7996

(≤.001)

.8101

(≤.001)

.7991

(≤.001)

Variance

 Level 3 (Country)

.0007

 

.0008

 

.0007

 

.0007

 

.0017

 

.0016

 

.0017

 

.0017

 

 Level 2 (Country-years)

.0003

 

.0003

 

.0003

 

.0003

 

.0004

 

.0004

 

.0005

 

.0004

 

 Level 1 (Individual)

.0317

 

.0317

 

.0317

 

.0317

 

.0385

 

.0385

 

.0385

 

.0385

 

N

64,659

64,659

64,659

64,659

67,114

67,114

67,114

67,114

  1. All models are adjusted for the following level 1 individual characteristics: year, age, gender, ISCO, contract and NACE. BE (between effects) refers to the country mean of the respective macro variable over the three waves, LE (longitudinal effects) refers to the within-country variation of the macro variable