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Table 2 Factors associated with HIV status disclosure to male and female sexual partners of Nigerian men who have Sex with Men and Transgender Women

From: HIV status disclosure by Nigerian men who have sex with men and transgender women living with HIV: a cross-sectional analysis at enrollment into an observational cohort

Characteristics

Disclosure to Some/All Male Sexual Partners

Relative Risk (95% Confidence Interval)

Disclosure to Some/All Female Sexual Partners

Relative Risk (95% Confidence Interval)

Unadjusted

p

Adjusted

p

Unadjusted

p

Adjusted

p

Age

  ≤ 21 years

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 22–30 years

1.02 (0.71–1.47)

0.910

0.88 (0.61–1.28)

0.512

0.72 (0.22–2.31)

0.582

0.45 (0.13–1.53)

0.201

  > 30 years

1.18 (0.75–1.83)

0.474

0.74 (0.46–1.19)

0.213

2.61 (0.85–8.02)

0.095

0.87 (0.25–3.10)

0.835

Gender Identity

 Man

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Woman

0.72 (0.45–1.14)

0.161

0.67 (0.43–1.05)

0.078

1.55 (0.61–3.94)

0.360

1.58 (0.62–4.04)

0.336

 Other/Unknown

0.88 (0.57–1.35)

0.561

0.89 (0.58–1.36)

0.594

1.21 (0.46–3.16)

0.696

1.59 (0.60–4.25)

0.351

Sexual Orientation

 Gay/Homosexuala

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Bisexual

0.91 (0.70–1.20)

0.512

1.01 (0.76–1.34)

0.952

0.70 (0.24–2.00)

0.500

0.62 (0.17–2.28)

0.474

Education Level

 Junior Secondary or lessa

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Senior Secondary

0.60 (0.39–0.92)

0.019

0.47 (0.30–0.73)

< 0.001

0.76 (0.25–2.29)

0.624

1.24 (0.51–3.03)

0.634

 Higher than Senior Secondary

0.79 (0.51–1.20)

0.262

0.63 (0.41–0.95)

0.029

0.74 (0.24–2.26)

0.594

1.40 (0.55–3.56)

0.476

Occupation

 Unemployed

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Student

0.82 (0.47–1.42)

0.474

0.78 (0.46–1.33)

0.369

0.93 (0.06–14.03)

0.956

1.62 (0.15–17.42)

0.689

 Professional/Self-Employed

1.16 (0.72–1.88)

0.545

0.97 (0.59–1.59)

0.902

3.45 (0.41–28.87)

0.254

2.84 (0.48–16.70)

0.247

 Entertainment/Hospitality

0.72 (0.37–1.41)

0.336

0.87 (0.44–1.72)

0.685

6.94 (0.89–54.47)

0.065

6.25 (1.06–36.84)

0.043

 Driver/Laborer

1.09 (0.41–2.93)

0.863

0.92 (0.41–2.07)

0.834

4.17 (0.30–57.50)

0.287

6.66 (1.10–40.36)

0.039

 Other/Unknown/Missing

1.08 (0.73–1.60)

0.693

1.24 (0.80–1.91)

0.334

4.70 (0.66–33.27)

0.121

4.06 (0.84–19.74)

0.082

Marital Status

 Single/Never Married

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Married/Cohabiting

1.35 (0.88–2.05)

0.166

1.16 (0.71–1.90)

0.545

5.59 (3.18–9.84)

< 0.001

3.95 (1.97–7.91)

< 0.001

 Divorced/Widowed/Other

1.70 (1.09–2.65)

0.018

1.29 (0.86–1.94)

0.210

2.31 (0.63–8.46)3

0.207

1.26 (0.31–5.08)3

0.748

Site

 Abuja

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Lagos

1.17 (0.90–1.52)

0.242

1.58 (1.14–2.20)

0.006

0.59 (0.27–1.28)

0.181

1.03 (0.33–3.25)

0.960

CD4 Count

  < 500 cells/mm3

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

  ≥ 500 cells/mm3

1.31 (0.99–1.72)

0.055

1.10 (0.83–1.45)

0.496

0.86 (0.40–1.85)

0.691

0.85 (0.42–1.70)

0.639

 Unknown/Missing

0.82 (0.47–1.46)

0.505

1.31 (0.71–2.41)

0.381

1.95 (0.92–4.13)

0.084

2.53 (0.99–6.44)

0.051

Viral Load

  > =50 copies/mL

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

  < 50 copies/mL

1.87 (1.44–2.43)

< 0.001

1.67 (1.24–2.25)

< 0.001

1.28 (0.64–2.58)

0.482

0.61 (0.26–1.41)

0.247

 Unknown/Missing

0.67 (0.33–1.36)

0.268

0.57 (0.23–1.39)

0.218

1.85 (0.81–4.23)

0.145

0.77 (0.23–2.53)

0.667

Currently Prescribed ART

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Yes

1.67 (1.27–2.19)

< 0.001

1.32 (0.93–1.86)

0.117

1.56 (0.99–2.44)

0.053

2.27 (1.07–4.83)

0.033

 Unknown/Missing

0.76 (0.21–2.72)

0.677

1.34 (0.29–6.13)

0.706

0.58 (0.09–3.77)

0.572

1.82 (0.48–6.87)

0.377

Disclosed to Healthcare Provider

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Yes, any HCP

1.98 (1.26–3.12)

0.003

1.51 (0.93–2.46)

0.097

3.06 (1.30–7.23)

0.011

1.09 (0.42–2.82)

0.857

Disclosed to Male Sexual Partners

 No

Not Applicable

 

Not Applicable

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Some or all MSP

    

2.18 (1.19–4.01)

0.012

1.93 (1.02–3.67)

0.043

Disclosed to Female Sexual Partners

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Not Applicable

 

Not Applicable

 

 Some or all FSP

1.54 (1.04–2.26)

0.030

1.45 (0.97–2.18)

0.069

    

 Not Applicable (No FSP)

1.14 (0.81–1.62)

0.447

1.21 (0.82–1.79)

0.338

    
  1. Abbreviations: ART antiretroviral therapy, HCP healthcare provider, FSP female sexual partner, MSP male sexual partner
  2. aTo enable convergence of the models, “other/unknown” was combined into the reference group for sexual orientation and education level
  3. Modified Poisson regression models were used to calculate relative risk and 95% confidence intervals for factors associated with HIV status disclosure. All variables in unadjusted models were included in the adjusted model for disclosure to each sex. All 493 participants included in these analyses reported male sexual partners in the preceding 12 months and contributed data to the models for disclosure to male sexual partners. Only the 222 participants who reported female sexual partners in the preceding 12 months contributed data to the models for disclosure to female sexual partners. Statistically significant associations (p ≤ 0.05) are shown in bold
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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