From: Factors associated with different numbers of health behaviors by living arrangements
Variables | Categories | Total | Living with others | Living alone | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total |  | 100.0%a (Nb = 15,934) | 92.0%a (nb = 14,351) | 8.0%a (nb = 1583) |  |
Socio-demographic characteristics | |||||
 Age | 19–39 | 38.2 | 39.1 | 28.4 | <  0.001 |
40–64 | 46.7 | 47.8 | 33.8 |  | |
65 and older | 15.1 | 13.1 | 37.8 | Â | |
 Sex | Male | 49.1 | 49.4 | 45.0 | <  0.05 |
Female | 50.9 | 50.6 | 55.0 | Â | |
 Marital status | Single | 22.7 | 21.5 | 36.5 | <  0.001 |
Married | 77.3 | 78.5 | 63.5 | Â | |
 Education level | Elementary school or lower | 16.6 | 14.6 | 38.8 | <  0.001 |
Middle to high school | 47.3 | 48.3 | 36.1 | Â | |
College or higher | 36.1 | 37.1 | 25.1 | Â | |
 Economic level | Lowest | 15.3 | 12.8 | 44.7 | <  0.001 |
Lower-middle, or upper-middle | 54.2 | 55.5 | 39.4 | Â | |
Highest | 30.5 | 31.7 | 15.9 | Â | |
 Employment status | Unemployed/non-economic activity | 37.4 | 36.6 | 46.7 | <  0.001 |
Employed | 62.6 | 63.4 | 53.3 | Â | |
Health-related characteristics | |||||
 Self-rated health status | Very poor | 3.3 | 2.9 | 8.9 | <  0.001 |
Poor | 13.8 | 13.2 | 20.2 | Â | |
Fair | 50.8 | 51.3 | 45.1 | Â | |
Good | 27.0 | 27.5 | 20.7 | Â | |
Very good | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | Â | |
 BMI | Underweight | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.0 | 0.130 |
Normal | 62.8 | 63.0 | 61.0 | Â | |
Overweight | 32.4 | 32.2 | 35.0 | Â | |
 Diagnosis of chronic diseases | Yes | 49.1 | 47.8 | 63.6 | <  0.001 |
No | 50.9 | 52.2 | 36.4 | Â | |
 Diagnosis of depression | Yes | 4.3 | 3.9 | 8.9 | <  0.001 |
No | 95.7 | 96.1 | 91.1 | Â | |
 Stress | Low | 73.7 | 73.8 | 72.4 | 0.300 |
High | 26.3 | 26.2 | 27.6 | Â | |
 Sleep duration per day | ≤ 5 h | 15.1 | 14.2 | 25.7 | <  0.001 |
6–8 h | 77.9 | 78.8 | 67.4 |  | |
≥ 9 h | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.9 |  |