| |
19–34 years
|
35–49 years
|
50–65 years
|
|---|
|
n (%)
|
Lonely, n (%)
|
n (%)
|
Lonely, n (%)
|
n (%)
|
Lonely, n (%)
|
|---|
|
Demographic factors
|
|
Gender
|
|
Male
|
2528 (51.1)
|
887 (40.6)
|
3790 (50.0)
|
1462 (45.4)
|
5606 (50.1)
|
2641 (52.0)
|
|
Female
|
3615 (48.9)
|
1155 (38.9)
|
4628 (50.0)
|
1646 (41.2)
|
6152 (49.9)
|
2518 (44.4)
|
|
Education
|
|
Low
|
579 (12.6)
|
351 (63.1)
|
1431 (21.4)
|
778 (57.9)
|
3868 (36.9)
|
2016 (53.6)
|
|
Intermediate
|
2547 (47.9)
|
975 (40.4)
|
3319 (41.1)
|
1309 (41.7)
|
4096 (36.7)
|
1906 (47.7)
|
|
High
|
2297 (39.5)
|
692 (31.5)
|
2930 (36.5)
|
987 (36.1)
|
3017 (26.3)
|
1173 (41.1)
|
|
Ethnicity
|
|
Dutch origin
|
5218 (78.7)
|
1592 (35.1)
|
6987 (76.9)
|
2394 (38.4)
|
10,021 (81.7)
|
4949 (46.0)
|
|
Non-Dutch origin
|
925 (21.3)
|
450 (58.2)
|
1431 (23.1)
|
714 (60.1)
|
1737 (18.3)
|
910 (58.0)
|
|
Employment Status
|
|
Unemployed
|
1140 (24.8)
|
604 (54.9)
|
992 (14.9)
|
627 (70.2)
|
3402 (33.3)
|
1892 (57.7)
|
|
Employed
|
4281 (75.2)
|
1414 (34.7)
|
6669 (85.1)
|
2441 (38.4)
|
7551 (66.7)
|
3193 (43.3)
|
|
Financial imbalance
|
|
No
|
4486 (81.6)
|
1441 (33.6)
|
6305 (80.0)
|
2203 (37.0)
|
9056 (80.1)
|
3766 (42.6)
|
|
Yes
|
915 (18.4)
|
571 (67.0)
|
1358 (20.0)
|
864 (67.3)
|
1925 (19.9)
|
1336 (70.7)
|
|
Marital status
|
|
Married/living together
|
3126 (44.6)
|
881 (33.4)
|
6681 (77.2)
|
2188 (38.5)
|
9246 (76.5)
|
3673 (42.7)
|
|
Never been married
|
2888 (53.9)
|
1103 (44.6)
|
982 (13.4)
|
527 (62.1)
|
738 (7.6)
|
435 (65.6)
|
|
Divorced
|
76 (1.4)
|
38 (53.1)
|
679 (8.9)
|
359 (55.9)
|
1284 (12.3)
|
795 (68.4)
|
|
Widowed
|
7 (0.2)
|
5 (74.4)
|
45 (0.5)
|
21 (59.1)
|
419 (3.6)
|
223 (57.5)
|
|
Social factors
|
|
Living arrangement
|
|
Living alone
|
776 (15.4)
|
352 (57.0)
|
895 (12.9)
|
507 (63.4)
|
1683 (16.9)
|
1042 (68.1)
|
|
2 or more persons
|
5324 (84.6)
|
1668 (36.5)
|
7431 (87.1)
|
2556 (39.9)
|
9820 (83.1)
|
3982 (43.7)
|
|
Volunteer work
|
|
No
|
4133 (75.8)
|
1586 (40.9)
|
5367 (69.8)
|
2289 (45.7)
|
8018 (72.6)
|
3883 (49.8)
|
|
Yes
|
1314 (24.2)
|
444 (35.8)
|
2329 (30.2)
|
801 (37.5)
|
2994 (27.4)
|
1237 (43.8)
|
|
Informal caregiver
|
|
No
|
5041 (93.8)
|
1879 (39.5)
|
6601 (86.5)
|
2630 (43.1)
|
8053 (75.0)
|
3860 (49.6)
|
|
Yes
|
383 (6.2)
|
140 (41.2)
|
1061 (13.5)
|
440 (43.0)
|
2817 (25.0)
|
1185 (43.2)
|
|
Family contact
|
|
More than twice a month
|
5198 (94.5)
|
1871 (38.4)
|
7241 (93.5)
|
2678 (41.1)
|
10,062 (91.0)
|
4423 (45.3)
|
|
Less than twice a month
|
246 (5.5)
|
159 (63.6)
|
451 (6.5)
|
324 (76.5)
|
954 (9.0)
|
694 (76.9)
|
|
Friends contact
|
|
More than twice a month
|
5139 (94.4)
|
1784 (37.2)
|
6800 (88.0)
|
2394 (38.4)
|
9382 (85.1)
|
3845 (42.5)
|
|
Less than twice a month
|
304 (5.6)
|
245 (82.7)
|
895 (12.0)
|
701 (78.6)
|
1630 (14.9)
|
1272 (80.0)
|
|
Neighbours contact
|
|
More than twice a month
|
3816 (67.4)
|
1183 (33.1)
|
104 (78.5)
|
2127 (37.6)
|
8785 (79.0)
|
3640 (42.6)
|
|
Less than twice a month
|
1626 (32.6)
|
846 (53.4)
|
1583 (21.5)
|
958 (63.8)
|
2204 (21.0)
|
1461 (68.6)
|
|
Societal exclusion
|
|
(Very) Often
|
545 (10.1)
|
1613 (34.8)
|
665 (8.9)
|
2553 (39.0)
|
1029 (9.5)
|
4949 (43.7)
|
|
Sometimes, seldom, never
|
5264 (89.9)
|
424 (85.1)
|
7413 (91.1)
|
542 (87.0)
|
10,375 (90.5)
|
877 (90.6)
|
|
Health-related factors
|
|
General health
|
|
Poor
|
797 (13.0)
|
442 (64.2)
|
1593 (20.3)
|
935 (68.2)
|
3580 (31.7)
|
2201 (38.9)
|
|
Good
|
5339 (87.0)
|
1597 (36.2)
|
6805 (79.7)
|
2166 (37.1)
|
8134 (68.3)
|
2940 (68.5)
|
|
Limitations in daily activities
|
|
No
|
4894 (81.5)
|
1418 (35.5)
|
6127 (74,0)
|
1969 (37.2)
|
6916 (58.7)
|
2535 (39.6)
|
|
Yes
|
1131 (18,5)
|
587 (58.4)
|
2136 (26,0)
|
1080 (60.6)
|
4572 (41.3)
|
2518 (60.7)
|
|
Psychological Distress
|
|
No/low risk
|
3522 (57.5)
|
715 (24.8)
|
5068 (60,1)
|
1281 (29,8)
|
6735 (57.2)
|
2101 (33.4)
|
|
Moderate/high risk
|
2539 (42.5)
|
1327 (60.6)
|
3246 (39,9)
|
1809 (64.0)
|
4899 (42.8)
|
3029 (68.0)
|
|
Caregiver’s burden
|
|
No burden
|
337 (5.5)
|
109 (37.0)
|
902 (11.3)
|
345 (394)
|
2426 (21.7)
|
946 (40.3)
|
|
(Extreme) high/overburden
|
46 (0.7)
|
31 (74.1)
|
159 (2.2)
|
95 (61.8)
|
391 (3.3)
|
239 (62.5)
|
|
Chronic disease
|
|
No
|
4941 (81.5)
|
1500 (36.7)
|
6018 (71.9)
|
1997 (39.2)
|
6665 (56.5)
|
2489 (40.3)
|
|
Yes
|
1188 (18.5)
|
538 (53.2)
|
2374 (28.1)
|
1103 (53.7)
|
5029 (43.5)
|
2641 (58.3)
|
|
Psychological wellbeing (M + S.D.)
|
3.69 ± 1.0
|
3.19 ± 1.1
|
3.62 ± 1.1
|
3.18 ± 1.1
|
3.55 ± 1.1
|
3.10 ± 1.2
|
|
Emotional wellbeing (M + S.D.)
|
3.87 ± 1.0
|
3.36 ± 1.1
|
3.84 ± 1.0
|
3.40 ± 1.1
|
3.81 ± 1.1
|
3.34 ± 1.2
|
|
Social wellbeing (M + S.D.)
|
2.82 ± 1.2
|
2.35 ± 1.1
|
2.79 ± 1.2
|
2.39 ± 1.1
|
2.79 ± 1.2
|
2.36 ± 1.2
|
- n Total number, M Mean, S.D. Standard deviation
