Skip to main content

Table 2 Dietary Micronutrient intake and adequacy of e-waste and non-e-waste recyclers at different time points

From: Micronutrient-rich dietary intake is associated with a reduction in the effects of particulate matter on blood pressure among electronic waste recyclers at Agbogbloshie, Ghana

Micronutrient

(mg)

RDA

(mg)

Dietary Micronutrient Intake

% Micronutrients adequacy (=% > RDA)

E-waste Recycler

Non-E-waste recyclers

  

E-waste Recyclers

Non-E-waste recyclers

 

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

T-test

P-value

n (%)

n (%)

p-value

WAVE I

 Ca

1000

518.15 ± 318.26

521.68 ± 345.92

−0.07

0.95

7 (4.4)

2 (3.2)

0.57

 Fe

8

26.35 ± 12.44

21.57 ± 9.85

2.70

0.004

127 (96.9)

62 (98.4)

0.18

 Cu

2

1.10 ± 0.58

1.05 ± 0.63

0.55

0.59

13 (9.2)

3 (4.8)

0.28

 Se

55

25.76 ± 18.74

34.87 ± 40.78

−2.16

0.10

22 (16.8)

15 (23.8)

0.24

 Mg

400

46.98 ± 44.27

78.84 ± 63.13

−4.12

0.001

4(2.8)

0(0)

0.55

 Zn

11

11.17 ± 4.06

9.38 ± 0.57

2.81

0.01

67(47.2)

18(28.6)

0.01

WAVE II

 Ca

1000

536.68 ± 273.46

560.80 ± 393.93

− 0.39

0.70

7(6.6)

3(6.0)

0.89

 Fe

8

29.10 ± 12.29

23.65 ± 10.54

2.86

0.005

111(98.2)

51(100)

0.34

 Cu

2

1.10 ± 0.54

0.98 ± 0.57

1.26

0.21

7(6.6)

3(6.0)

0.89

 Se

55

32.26 ± 22.35

35.25 ± 26.98

− 0.66

0.51

19(16.8)

13(25.5)

0.19

 Mg

400

45.99 ± 33.15

48.98 ± 37.56

−0.48

0.63

0(0)

1(2)

0.14

 Zn

11

11.57 ± 4.10

9.51 ± 3.89

3.02

0.003

59(55.7)

12(24.0)

< 0.001

WAVE III

 Ca

1000

539.50 ± 228.41

574.71 ± 296.07

−0.70

0.48

5(4.9)

3(6.8)

0.64

 Fe

8

29.21 ± 11.28

22.49 ± 9.60

3.67

< 0.001

104(99.1)

43(97.7)

0.52

 Cu

2

1.16 ± 0.64

0.99 ± 0.71

1.32

0.19

12(11.8)

4(9.1)

0.64

 Se

55

37.53 ± 24.94

40.05 ± 25.86

−0.51

0.61

28(26.7)

13(29.6)

0.72

 Mg

400

41.58 ± 44.62

50.28 ± 40.66

−1.12

0.27

7(6.9)

2(4.6)

0.59

 Zn

11

11.33 ± 3.84

9.80 ± 4.73

1.89

0.06

56(54.9)

13(29.6)

0.01

  1. Abbreviations: Ca Calcium, Fe Iron, Cu Copper, Se Selenium, Mg Magnesium, Zn Zinc, RDA Recommended Daily Allowance