Table 5 Generalized Linear Multilevel Multinomial Logit Estimation for “Not a Real Medical Illness” Measure of Prescription Drug Abuse Stigma (Versus Base of Neither Agree nor Disagree)
From: Recognition and stigma of prescription drug abuse disorder: personal and community determinants
Strongly Agree/Agree | Strongly Disagree/Disagree | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sig. | Exp (B) | Sig. | Exp (B) | |
Respondent Variables: | ||||
Own Prescription Drug Abuse | 0.03 | 4.477 | 0.982 | 1.014 |
Friend/family Prescription Drug Abuse | 0.381 | 1.443 | 0.171 | 1.635 |
Male | 0.819 | 0.913 | 0.020 | 0.448 |
White | 0.978 | 1.013 | 0.339 | 1.593 |
ID: Prescription Drug Abuse | 0.868 | 0.927 | 0.000 | 6.635 |
[Age base = 35–54] | ||||
Age 18–34 | 0.872 | 1.075 | 0.090 | 0.548 |
Age 55+ | 0.761 | 1.175 | 0.081 | 2.068 |
[Respondent Income: base = $50–75)] | ||||
$25 K or less | 0.563 | 1.426 | 0.336 | 1.711 |
$25-50 K | 0.786 | 0.842 | 0.281 | 1.812 |
$75-100 K | 0.351 | 1.692 | 0.673 | 1.249 |
$100 K+ | 0.359 | 1.752 | 0.240 | 1.830 |
[Respondent Education: base = HS or less] | ||||
Some college | 0.340 | 1.678 | 0.009 | 3.341 |
College degree | 0.694 | 1.252 | 0.177 | 1.792 |
More than College | 0.032 | 3.615 | 0.255 | 1.879 |
[Sufferer in Vignette: base = Michael] | ||||
Michelle | 0.692 | 1.158 | 0.482 | 0.777 |
Regional Level Variables: | ||||
Northeast | 0.006 | 0.124 | 0.215 | 0.408 |
Midwest | 0.47 | 0.620 | 0.738 | 0.824 |
West | 0.553 | 0.623 | 0.605 | 0.674 |
County Level Variables: | ||||
Rural | 0.693 | 1.362 | 0.194 | 2.215 |
Unemployment | 0.003 | 0.681 | 0.221 | 0.874 |
Association Rate | 0.102 | 0.427 | 0.190 | 0.526 |
Percent fair or poor health | 0.179 | 1.201 | 0.832 | 0.974 |
Percent access to exercise | 0.466 | 1.013 | 0.079 | 1.027 |
Percent uninsured | 0.424 | 0.951 | 0.485 | 1.038 |
Percent frequent physical distress | 0.046 | 0.427 | 0.195 | 0.595 |
Percent frequent mental distress | 0.194 | 1.576 | 0.145 | 1.612 |
Percent lack of sleep | 0.333 | 1.099 | 0.917 | 0.991 |
Percent physically inactive | 0.496 | 1.053 | 0.086 | 1.124 |
[County Quartile Mental Health Providers Per Capita: base = lowest] | ||||
2nd Quartile | 0.003 | 5.122 | 0.278 | 0.595 |
3rd Quartile | 0.005 | 7.599 | 0.111 | 2.932 |
4th Quartile | 0.001 | 11.281 | 0.428 | 1.610 |
Percent excessive drinking | 0.45 | 1.081 | 0.619 | 1.052 |
Percent alcohol driving deaths | 0.969 | 0.999 | 0.850 | 0.997 |
Violent crime rate | 0.102 | 1.002 | 0.817 | 1.000 |
Percent child poverty | 0.180 | 1.084 | 0.283 | 1.057 |
Legalized Marijuana State Law | 0.999 | 1.001 | 0.775 | 0.861 |
Constant | 0.423 | 0.015 | 0.346 | 0.009 |
Number of observations | 555 | |||
Number of groups (counties with observations) | 374 | |||
Log Pseudolikelihood | − 356.575 | |||