Table 1 Characteristics of cases and controls and crude odds ratio for diarrhea and respiratory infections in cases and controls exposed to Familia Nawiri Health Education Program
Variable | Cases (n = 324) | Controls (n = 308) | Crude | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P value | |||
Median age of participant (IQR) | 20 (2–35) | 23 (2–35) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.75 |
Gender, n (%) | ||||
 Male | 186 (57.41) | 183 (59.42) | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Female | 138 (43.59) | 125 (40.58) | 1.09 (0.69–1.37) | 0.89 |
Highest level of education, n (%) | ||||
 Kindergarten and Primary level | 158 (48.77) | 161 (52.27) | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Post-primary/vocational | 6 (1.85) | 5 (1.62) | 1.60 (0.43–5.90) | 0.48 |
 Secondary/‘a’ level | 120 (37.04) | 111 (36.04) | 1.11 (0.78–1.58) | 0.57 |
 College and University | 27 (8.33) | 19 (6.17) | 1.77 (0.91–3.48) | 0.09 |
 Missing | 13 (4.01) | 12 (3.90) |  |  |
Water improvement interventions, n (%) | ||||
 No | 204 (62.96) | 163 (52.92) | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Yes | 111 (34.26) | 137 (44.48) | 0.68 (0.48–0.95) | 0.03 |
 Missing | 9 (2.78) | 8 (2.60) |  |  |
Distance to health facility, n (%) | ||||
 10 mins | 41 (12.65) | 38 (12.34) | 1 (reference) |  |
 30 min | 196 (60.49) | 205 (66.56) | 0.78 (0.47–1.29) | 0.33 |
 > 1 h | 84 (25.93) | 64 (20.78)) | 1.06 (0.59–1.92) | 0.83 |
 Missing | 3 (0.93) | 1 (0.32) |  |  |
Exposure to Familia Nawiri, n (%) | ||||
 No | 272 (83.95) | 239 (77.60) | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Yes | 43 (13.27) | 61 (19.81) | 0.62 (0.40–0.96) | 0.03 |
 Missing | 9 (2.78) | 8 (2.60) |  |  |
Toilet facility, n (%) | ||||
 No | 8 (2.47) | 2 (0.65) | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Yes | 308 (95.06) | 301 (97.73) | 0.23 (0.05–1.11) | 0.07 |
 Missing | 8 (2.47) | 5 (1.62) |  |  |
Improved water sources, n (%) | ||||
 No | 66 (20.37) | 62 (20.13) | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Yes | 251 (77.47) | 242 (78.57) | 0.94 (0.62–1.42) | 0.76 |
 Missing | 7 (2.16) | 4 (1.30) |  |  |
Attended any other hygiene education sessions apart from Familia Nawiri | ||||
 No | 211 (65.12) | 215 (69.81) | 1.00 (reference) |  |
 Yes | 104 (32.10) | 85 (27.60) | 1.08 (0.57–1.13) | 0.69 |
 Missing | 9 (2.78) | 8 (2.60) |  |  |