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Table 4 Factors associated with receiving treatment among HPV positive, triage positive women in Nicaragua in 2017

From: HPV-based cervical cancer screening in Nicaragua: from testing to treatment

Ā 

Not treated

(NĀ =ā€‰429)

Treated

(NĀ =ā€‰486)

n (%)

n (%)

Unadjusted Prevalence ORa (95%CI)

Adjusted Prevalence ORb (95%CI)

Treatment Ratio

Province

ā€ƒCarazo

50 (29.2)

121 (70.7)

Ref

Ref

Ref

ā€ƒChinandega

199 (70.1)

85 (29.9)

0.18 (0.12ā€“0.27)*

0.34 (0.20ā€“0.56)*

0.42

ā€ƒChontales

180 (39.1)

280 (60.9)

0.64 (0.44ā€“0.94)**

0.67 (0.42ā€“1.07)

0.86

Age, years

ā€ƒ<ā€‰30

5 (55.6)

4 (44.4)

Ref

Ref

Ref

ā€ƒ30ā€“39

247 (44.3)

311 (55.7)

1.57 (0.42ā€“5.92)

1.26 (0.21ā€“7.77)

1.25

ā€ƒ40ā€“49

102 (46.4)

118 (53.6)

1.44 (0.38ā€“5.52)

1.37 (0.22ā€“8.59)

1.21

ā€ƒ50ā€“59

71 (57.3)

53 (42.7)

0.93 (0.24ā€“3.64)

1.13 (0.18ā€“7.27)

0.96

ā€ƒ60+

4 (100.0)

0 (0)

NA

NA

NA

ā€ƒUnknown

Ā Ā Ā Ā Ā 

HPV Screening Modality

ā€ƒSelf-collected

420 (46.8)

477 (53.2)

Ref

Ref

Ref

ā€ƒProvider-collected

9 (52.9)

8 (47.1)

0.78 (0.30ā€“2.04)

1.11 (0.37ā€“3.32)

0.89

ā€ƒUnknown

0 (0)

1 (100.0)

NA

NA

1.88

Triage Method

ā€ƒVIA

48 (11.9)

354 (88.1)

Ref

Ref

Ref

ā€ƒPap

381 (74.3)

132 (25.7)

0.05 (0.03ā€“0.07)*

0.05 (0.04ā€“0.08)*

0.29

  1. Abbreviations: HPV Human papillomavirus, CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio, Ref Reference category, NA not applicable, VIA visual inspection with acetic acid
  2. *P values <ā€‰0.001
  3. **P valueā€‰=ā€‰0.022
  4. aUnadjusted odds ratio for the association between each risk factor and treated
  5. bAdjusted odds ratio for all the listed factors