Proportion of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders attributable to personal and occupational factors: results from the French Pays de la Loire study

Table 3 Multivariable models for risk factors of incidence of UEMSD in Cosali cohort

	Overall population (N = 1275)				Men (N = 754)				Women (N = 521)
	UEMSD = 143	RR	95% CI	P	UEMSD = 76	RR	95% CI	P	UEMSD = 67	RR	95% CI	P
Personal factors
Female gender	67	1.36	(1.00–1.85)	0.049
Age: 35–44 years	51	1.55	(1.04–2.29)	0.030	28	1.83	(1.04–3.21)	0.036	23	1.32	(0.76–2.28)	0.326
Age: ≥45 years	54	2.17	(1.47–3.19)	< 0.001	30	2.85	(1.66–4.91)	< 0.001	24	1.48	(0.86–2.57)	0.158
Overweight/obesity^a									26	1.74	(1.10–2.75)	0.019
Biomechanical factors^b
High perceived physical exertion (RPE Borg scale ≥12)^c	98	1.80	(1.24–2.62)	0.002	58	2.27	(1.32–3.92)	0.003	40	1.10	(0.60–2.00)	0.759
High repetitiveness of tasks (> 4 h/day)	41	1.22	(0.87–1.70)	0.248					25	1.37	(0.89–2.11)	0.156
Repeated/sustained posture with arms above shoulder level (≥2 h/day)	27	1.59	(1.06–2.37)	0.024	14	1.32	(0.74–2.37)	0.348	13	1.60	(0.93–2.74)	0.089
Repeated/sustained posture with shoulder abduction^d	57	1.16	(0.81–1.64)	0.418					28	1.56	(0.93–2.64)	0.092
Repeated/sustained elbow movements (flexion/extension) (≥2 h/day)	49	1.00	(0.70–1.44)	0.997	29	1.25	(0.79–1.99)	0.334
Wrist twisting movements (≥2 h/day)	53	0.98	(0.67–1.42)	0.903					29	1.29	(0.76–2.18)	0.341
Psychosocial factors^e
Low social support	64	1.37	(1.01–1.87)	0.042	37	1.41	(0.93–2.15)	0.106	27	1.33	(0.85–2.09)	0.217
High psychological demand					41	1.34	(0.87–2.05)	0.185

P p-value of Wald test; P < 0.05 are in bold, RR relative risk, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, ^aassessed using the World Health Organization criteria [51], ^bassessed using exposure criteria from the European consensus criteria for evaluating the work-relatedness of UEMSD [48], ^cassessed using the RPE Borg scale [52], ^dWorkers were defined as being at risk if they responded “rarely (<2 h/day)”, “often (2–4 h/day)” or “always (≥4 h/day)” [49], ^eassessed using the French JCQ [55]

ISSN: 1471-2458