Table 4 Gender-stratified analysis of mediation effect of health literacy

social participation to physical activity

Total effect (c)

(0.667, 0.849)

(0.654, 0.942)

(0.615, 0.856)

Direct effect (c’)

(0.602, 0.784)

(0.580, 0.863)

(0.561, 0.503)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.035, 0.100)

(0.027, 0.139)

9.65%

(0.019, 0.097)

7.35%

social networks to physical activity

Total effect (c)

(1.311, 1.833)

(1.107, 1.923)

(1.262, 1.941)

Direct effect (c’)

(1.188, 1.691)

(0.979, 1.757)

(1.160, 1.821)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.045, 0.239)

(−0.002, 0.322)

–

(0.004, 0.229)

7.00%

social support to physical activity

Total effect (c)

(0.685, 0.852)

(0.695, 0.948)

(0.609, 0.834)

Direct effect (c’)

(0.620, 0.791)

(0.615, 0.883)

(0.558, 0.784)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.034, 0.099)

(0.016, 0.139)

8.88%

(0.017, 0.091)

6.93%

Control over life to physical activity

Total effect (c)

(0.734, 1.131)

(0.675, 1.278)

(0.635, 1.163)

Direct effect (c’)

(0.622, 1.008)

(0.489, 1.086)

(0.585, 1.094)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.055, 0.189)

(0.080, 0.325)

19.36%

(−0.011, 0.144)

–

feelings about the community to physical activity

Total effect (c)

(0.697, 1.039)

(0.459, 1.002)

(0.766, 1.200)

Direct effect (c’)

(0.599, 0.931)

(0.349, 0.872)

(0.684, 1.111)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.046, 0.168)

(0.027, 0.238)

16.42%

(0.024, 0.164)

8.65%

social participation to nutrition

Total effect (c)

(0.265, 0.444)

(0.243, 0.509)

(0.207, 0.457)

Direct effect (c’)

(0.219, 0.400)

(0.187, 0.453)

(0.171, 0.425)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.022, 0.073)

(0.018, 0.105)

14.89%

(0.006, 0.071)

10.24%

social networks to nutrition

Total effect (c)

(0.740, 1.211)

(0.533, 1.226)

(0.714, 1.362)

Direct effect (c’)

(0.663, 1.130)

(0.445, 1.123)

(0.655, 1.302)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.025, 0.145)

(−0.002, 0.217)

–

(0.001, 0.135)

5.68%

social support to nutrition

Total effect (c)

(0.431, 0.589)

(0.405, 0.633)

(0.388, 0.609)

Direct effect (c’)

(0.394, 0.559)

(0.350, 0.593)

(0.363, 0.589)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.009, 0.061)

(0.002, 0.100)

9.25%

(−0.003, 0.053)

–

Control over life to nutrition

Total effect (c)

(0.609, 0.950)

(0.481, 0.975)

(0.590, 1.063)

Direct effect (c’)

(0.544, 0.885)

(0.364, 0.864)

(0.561, 1.030)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.028, 0.114)

(0.037, 0.217)

15.66%

(−0.006, 0.081)

–

feelings about the community to nutrition

Total effect (c)

(0.858, 1.131)

(0.730, 1.136)

(0.863, 1.233)

Direct effect (c’)

(0.809, 1.082)

(0.668, 1.069)

(0.828, 1.202)

Indirect effect (a x b)

(0.019, 0.085)

(0.014, 0.133)

6.97%

(0.001, 0.077)

3.15%