Child diet and health outcomes of the simple suppers program: a 10-week, 2-group quasi-experimental family meals trial

Table 5 Dose-Effect Analysis of the 10-Week Simple Suppers Intervention among Intervention and Waitlist Control Group Children (4- to 10-Years Old): Difference at Post-Intervention (T1)^a

	β (SE)	P-value	95% CI
Dietary Intake^b,c,d
Total Fruit^e (servings/day)	0.07 (0.1)	0.42	(-0.10, 0.24)
Whole Fruit (servings/day)	0.11 (0.1)	0.19	(-0.06, 0.27)
Total Vegetable (servings/day)	0.05 (0.1)	0.53	(-0.10, 0.20)
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (servings/day)	-0.03 (0.1)	0.33	(-0.09, 0.03)
Healthy Eating Index Total Score (0-100)	0.01 (0.6)	0.99	(-1.15, 1.13)
Anthropometrics and Biometrics^d
Body Mass Index z-score	-0.04 (0.0)	0.02	(-0.07, -0.01)
Waist Circumference z-score	-0.02 (0.0)	0.32	(-0.05, 0.02)
Systolic Blood Pressure z-score	-0.07 (0.0)	0.03	(-0.14, -0.01)
Diastolic Blood Pressure z-score	-0.01 (0.1)	0.85	(-0.09, 0.10)
Food Preparation Skill Ability^f,d	0.47 (0.1)	<0.001	(0.23, 0.71)
Family Meals (meals/week)^g
Family dinner frequency	0.04 (1.1)	0.49	(-0.09, 0.17)
Family breakfast frequency	-0.01 (0.1)	0.85	(-0.16, 0.13)
Family meal with TV	-0.14 (0.1)	0.02	(-0.26, -0.02)
Family meals in a dining area	-0.03 (0.1)	0.58	(-0.17, 0.10)

^aIncludes all study participants (intervention and waitlist controls). Participants in the waitlist control group were assigned an attendance level of ‘0’
^bDaily intake averaged across caregiver-assisted, nonconsecutive 24-hr dietary recall collected using USDA five-step multiple-pass method
^cParticipant completion of 24-hr dietary recalls at T0: 0 recalls (7%); 1 recall (68%); 2 recalls (12%); 3 recalls (13%). Participant completion of 24-hr dietary recalls at T1: 0 recalls (39%); 1 recall (58%); 2 recalls (4%); 3 recalls (0%)
^dDose-effect (attendance as continuous variable, 0-10 (lessons)) determined by generalized linear mixed modeling controlling for: cohort; household income; child race, sex, age; participant id (family id); baseline value of outcome variable (Y (outcome variable)= outcome at T1)
^eTotal fruit=whole fruit + 100% fruit juice
^fThe stem statement was: “When we prepare food at home, my child is able to…”. Questions were situated on a 4-point scale (1=Strongly Disagree (1pt); 4=Strongly Agree (4pt)). A sum score was calculated (1-32)
^gDose-effect (attendance as continuous variable, 0-10 (lessons)) determined by generalized linear mixed modeling controlling for: cohort; household income; caregiver race, sex, and age; oldest child race, sex, and age; baseline value of outcome variable (Y (outcome variable)= outcome at T1)
All p-values that are signicant (<0.05) are bolded.

ISSN: 1471-2458