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Table 4 Linear Regression of serum cholesterol parameters on pubertal stage among boys adjusted for age and behavioral determinants (n = 6531)

From: Age, maturation and serum lipid parameters: findings from the German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents

  

TC [mg/dL]

HDL-C [mg/dL]

Non-HDL-C [mg/dL]

Model 1: unadjusted

R2

0.04

0.04

0.01

 Early/mid-puberty

β (S.E.)

2.7 (1.2) *

3.0 (0.5) ***

−0.3 (1.1)

 Mature/advanced puberty

β (S.E.)

−10.8 (0.9) ***

−4.5 (0.4) ***

−6.3 (0.9) ***

Model 2: adj. For age

R2

0.05

0.11

0.01

 Early/mid-puberty

β (S.E.)

−4.3 (1.4) *

−1.9 (0.7) *

−2.4 (1.4)

 Mature/advanced puberty

β (S.E.)

−18.7 (1.8) ***

−6.8 (1.0) ***

−11.8 (1.8) ***

 Age

β (S.E.)

0.2 (0.3)

−0.9 (0.2)***

1.2 (0.4)*

 Age (squared)

β (S.E.)

−0.1 (0.0)*

− 0.1 (0.0)***

0.1 (0.0)*

Model 3: adj. For age, BMI

R2

0.06

0.16

0.05

 Early/mid-puberty

β (S.E.)

−4.5 (1.4) *

−1.6 (0.7) *

−2.9 (1.4) *

 Mature/advanced puberty

β (S.E.)

−19.5 (1.8) ***

−5.9 (1.0) ***

−13.6 (1.7) ***

 Age

β (S.E.)

0.3 (0.3)

−1.1 (0.2)***

1.4 (0.3)***

 Age (squared)

β (S.E.)

−0.1 (0.0)*

− 0.2 (0.0)***

0.1 (0.0)*

 BMI

β (S.E.)

2.5 (0.4)***

−2.9 (0.2)***

5.4 (0.4)***

Model 4: adj. For age, BMI and behavioral determinants

R2

0.06

0.16

0.05

 Early/mid-puberty

β (S.E.)

−4.4 (1.4)*

−1.6 (0.7) *

−2.8 (1.4)

 Mature/advanced puberty

β (S.E.)

−19.4 (1.8) ***

−5.9 (1.0) ***

−13.6 (1.8) ***

 Age

β (S.E.)

0.2 (0.4)

−1.1 (0.2)***

1.2 (0.4)*

 Age (squared)

β (S.E.)

−0.1 (0.0)*

−0.2 (0.0)***

0.1 (0.0)*

 BMI

β (S.E.)

2.4 (0.4)***

−2.9 (0.2)***

5.3 (0.4)***

 Smoking (yes vs. no)

β (S.E.)

1.5 (1.6)

−0.8 (0.6)

2.3 (1.6)

 Healthy food diversity index

β (S.E.)

1.4 (2.5)

−0.6 (1.2)

2.0 (2.6)

 Low physical activity

β (S.E.)

1.0 (1.0)

−0.5 (0.4)

1.5 (0.9)

 Middle physical activity

β (S.E.)

0.3 (1.0)

−0.4 (0.4)

0.7 (0.9)

  1. Model 2: adjusted for age (centred and squared)
  2. Model 3: adjusted for age (centred and squared) and BMI (kg/m2, z-score)
  3. Model 4: adjusted for age (centred and squared), BMI (kg/m2, z-score), smoking, healthy food diversity index and physical activity
  4. β Regression coefficient, S.E. Standard error, R2 proportion of variance explained by the model, Reference = prepubescent stage
  5. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, ***p < 0.0001