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Table 3 Factors associated with overweight or obesity among children aged 11–12 years, Hanoi, Vietnam

From: Prevalence and associated factors of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in Hanoi, Vietnam

Factor

OR

95% CI

p

aOR

95% CI

p

Lower

Upper

Lower

Upper

FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS

 Father’s education

  Primary school

1

   

1

   

  Secondary school

0.80

0.15

4.23

0.801

0.72

0.12

4.32

0.715

  College or university

0.73

0.48

1.09

0.122

0.65

0.42

1.00

0.050

 Mother’s education

  Primary school

1

   

1

   

  Secondary school

1.62

0.46

5.68

0.448

1.14

0.30

4.31

0.842

  College or university

0.69

0.46

1.04

0.079

0.63

0.41

0.97

0.037

 Father’s BMI

  18.5–24.9

1

   

1

   

   < 18.5

0.66

0.29

1.45

0.317

0.62

0.26

1.44

0.265

   ≥ 25

1.92

1.30

2.84

0.001

2.02

1.34

3.04

<  0.001

 Mother’s BMI

  18.5–24.9

1

   

1

   

   < 18.5

0.68

0.28

1.63

0.368

0.69

0.28

1.72

0.428

   ≥ 25

2.28

1.26

4.13

0.007

2.83

1.51

5.30

0.001

 Parental overweight or obesity (classified by BMI)

  Neither parent overweight or obese

1

   

1

   

  One parent overweight or obese

1.94

1.35

2.80

0.001

2.22

1.50

3.27

<  0.001

  Both parents overweight or obese

7.18

1.50

34.89

0.015

6.59

1.28

33.87

0.024

CHILD CHARACTERISTICS

 Number of siblings in the family

  1

1

   

1

   

  2

1.27

0.79

2.04

0.323

1.29

0.79

2.11

0.305

   ≥ 3

0.66

0.33

1.26

0.202

0.87

0.43

1.75

0.697

 Birth order among siblings

  1

1

   

1

   

  2

0.89

0.66

1.19

0.420

0.80

0.58

1.09

0.149

   ≥ 3

0.40

0.16

1.00

0.050

0.47

0.18

1.22

0.122

 Breastfeeding history (none as reference)

  Breastfed by mother for at least 6 months after birth

0.80

0.58

1.12

0.191

0.87

0.62

1.22

0.410

 Birth weight (grams)

  2500–3500

1

   

1

   

   < 2500

0.40

0.18

0.87

0.021

0.51

0.22

1.14

0.101

   ≥ 3500

1.60

1.14

2.23

0.006

1.52

1.07

2.15

0.019

 Time spent watching television (hours per day)

   < 2

1

   

1

   

  2–4

0.97

0.67

1.41

0.862

1.00

0.68

1.49

0.989

   > 4

1.56

0.89

2.72

0.122

1.78

0.99

3.20

0.056

 Sleep per day (hours)

   < 8

1

   

1.00

   

  8–11

0.64

0.46

0.90

0.009

0.57

0.40

0.81

<  0.001

   > 11

0.47

0.24

0.90

0.022

0.44

0.22

0.87

0.018

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND LIFESTYLE BEHAVIOURS OF CHILDREN

 Exercised in last 7 days (0–2 days/week as reference compared with those who did 3 days or more per week)

  Exercised for 60 min per day

1.19

0.87

1.63

0.276

0.96

0.69

1.34

0.83

  Intense exercise for 20 min per day evidenced by sweating and breathing hard

1.15

0.82

1.62

0.411

0.97

0.68

1.37

0.84

 Participation in sports in the last 12 months (None as reference)

1.14

0.48

2.7

0.765

1.22

0.49

2.98

0.67

 Lifestyle behaviours (None as reference)

  Weight-reducing exercises

0.17

0.12

0.23

< 0.001

0.16

0.11

0.23

<  0.001

  Lowering food intake

0.45

0.11

0.20

< 0.001

0.12

0.09

0.17

<  0.001

  Adding vegetables to diet

0.26

0.19

0.36

< 0.001

0.26

0.19

0.35

<  0.001

  1. Odds ratio (OR) by logistic regression univariate analysis
  2. Ajusted OR by multivariate logistic regression analysis by each individual variable and controled for sex
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