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Table 5 Crude associations between environmental characteristics and activity participation by gender

From: Neighborhood green spaces, facilities and population density as predictors of activity participation among 8-year-olds: a cross-sectional GIS study based on the Norwegian mother and child cohort study

 

Boys (n = 10,932) Crude OR (95% CI)

Girls (n = 10,214) Crude OR (95% CI)

≥ 5 h/week leisure-time PA (summer)

≥ 5 h/week leisure-time PA (winter)

Organized activities ≥2 days/week

Friends and peers ≥2 days/week

≥ 5 h/week leisure-time PA (summer)

≥ 5 h/week leisure-time PA (winter)

Organized activities ≥2 days/week

Friends and peers ≥2 days/week

Total green space 800 m

 ≤13% (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 13.1–29.9%

1.08 (0.96–1.21)

1.16 (1.04–1.30)**

1.01 (0.89–1.14)

0.84 (0.72–0.97)*

1.01 (0.91–1.13)

1.14 (1.02–1.27)*

1.03 (0.91–1.16)

0.89 (0.76–1.04)

 30.0–49.9%

1.11 (0.99–1.25)

1.12 (1.01–1.25)*

0.91 (0.81–1.02)

0.90 (0.78–1.05)

1.05 (0.94–1.17)

1.15 (1.03–1.28)*

0.96 (0.85–1.09)

0.95 (0.81–1.12)

 ≥50.0%

1.07 (0.95–1.20)

1.18 (1.06–1.32)**

0.84 (0.75–0.94)**

0.71 (0.61–0.81)**

1.08 (0.96–1.21)

1.21 (1.08–1.35)**

0.87 (0.77–0.98)*

0.77 (0.67–0.89)**

 P for trend

0.288

0.015

0.082

< 0.001

0.297

0.045

0.117

0.001

Park within 800 m

 No (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 Yes

1.07 (0.96–1.19)

1.04 (0.94–1.15)

1.14 (1.02–1.28)*

1.06 (0.92–1.22)

1.10 (0.99–1.22)

1.06 (0.95–1.17)

1.11 (0.98–1.25)

1.04 (0.90–1.21)

Park within 5000 m

 No (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 Yes

1.00 (0.92–1.09)

1.08 (0.99–1.16)

1.27 (1.17–1.38)**

1.41 (1.28–1.57)**

0.97 (0.89–1.05)

1.01 (0.93–1.09)

1.10 (1.01–1.21)*

1.42 (1.27–1.59)**

Facilities/amenities 800 m

 0 (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 1

0.98 (0.88–1.09)

1.07 (0.97–1.18)

1.20 (1.08–1.34)**

1.28 (1.11–1.46)**

0.90 (0.81–1.00)

0.93 (0.84–1.04)

1.19 (1.06–1.34)**

1.33 (1.14–1.54)**

 2–3

1.01 (0.91–1.13)

1.05 (0.94–1.16)

1.24 (1.11–1.39)**

1.37 (1.19–1.58)**

0.96 (0.86–1.06)

0.95 (0.86–1.06)

1.14 (1.01–1.28)*

1.38 (1.18–1.60)**

 ≥4

0.97 (0.85–1.10)

1.07 (0.95–1.21)

1.21 (1.06–1.37)**

1.13 (0.97–1.33)

0.93 (0.82–1.05)

0.93 (0.82–1.05)

1.29 (1.12–1.48)**

1.12 (0.95–1.32)

 P for trend

0.912

0.041

0.005

0.976

0.254

0.503

0.001

0.441

Facilities/amenities 5000 m

 ≤5 (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 6–14

1.04 (0.93–1.17)

1.08 (0.97–1.20)

1.14 (1.02–1.28)*

1.36 (1.18–1.57)**

1.10 (0.99–1.23)

1.02 (0.91–1.14)

0.94 (0.83–1.06)

1.33 (1.15–1.55)**

 15–29

1.08 (0.97–1.22)

1.11 (1.00–1.24)

1.27 (1.13–1.42)**

1.68 (1.45–1.95)**

0.95 (0.85–1.07)

0.95 (0.85–1.06)

1.04 (0.92–1.18)

1.31 (1.12–1.52)**

 ≥30

1.03 (0.92–1.15)

1.16 (1.04–1.28)**

1.45 (1.30–1.62)**

1.31 (1.14–1.49)**

0.95 (0.86–1.06)

0.99 (0.89–1.10)

1.23 (1.09–1.38)**

1.33 (1.15–1.54)**

 P for trend

0.288

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.107

0.232

0.589

< 0.001

0.815

Playgrounds/sports fields 800 m

 ≤1 (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 2–5

0.86 (0.75–0.99)*

0.90 (0.79–1.02)

1.25 (1.09–1.44)**

2.81 (2.38–3.32)**

0.88 (0.77–1.01)

0.86 (0.75–0.99)*

1.06 (0.92–1.23)

2.49 (2.09–2.97)**

 6–10

0.98 (0.85–1.13)

1.00 (0.88–1.15)

1.29 (1.12–1.48)**

2.75 (2.32–3.26)**

0.95 (0.83–1.09)

0.94 (0.82–1.08)

1.18 (1.01–1.37)*

2.64 (2.20–3.17)**

 ≥11

0.97 (0.87–1.10)

1.01 (0.90–1.12)

1.54 (1.37–1.72)**

2.66 (2.35–3.02)**

0.84 (0.75–0.94)**

0.85 (0.76–0.95)**

1.30 (1.15–1.47)**

2.49 (2.17–2.85)**

 P for trend

0.529

0.052

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Playgrounds/sports fields 5000 m

 ≤35 (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 36–119

1.08 (0.96–1.21)

1.08 (0.97–1.20)

1.00 (0.89–1.12)

1.56 (1.35–1.79)**

0.93 (0.83–1.04)

0.90 (0.81–1.01)

0.95 (0.84–1.07)

1.81 (1.56–2.11)**

 120–419

1.05 (0.94–1.18)

1.02 (0.91–1.13)

1.24 (1.11–1.40)**

1.86 (1.61–2.14)**

0.91 (0.81–1.01)

0.88 (0.79–0.99)*

1.12 (0.99–1.27)

1.52 (1.31–1.76)**

 ≥420

1.04 (0.93–1.16)

1.12 (1.01–1.24)*

1.46 (1.30–1.64)**

1.42 (1.24–1.62)**

0.90 (0.81–1.00)

0.94 (0.84–1.05)

1.24 (1.10–1.41)**

1.62 (1.40–1.88)**

 P for trend

0.603

0.262

< 0.001

0.006

0.059

0.311

< 0.001

< 0.001

School within 800 m

 No

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 Yes

0.96 (0.88–1.05)

1.06 (0.98–1.15)

1.23 (1.12–1.35)**

1.14 (1.02–1.28)*

0.92 (0.84–1.00)

0.95 (0.87–1.04)

1.15 (1.04–1.27)**

1.18 (1.05–1.34)**

School within 5000 m

 No

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 Yes

1.00 (0.91–1.11)

1.09 (0.99–1.19)

1.33 (1.21–1.47)**

1.37 (1.23–1.54)**

0.90 (0.82–0.99)*

0.88 (0.80–0.97)*

1.21 (1.09–1.34)**

1.67 (1.48–1.89)**

Population density 800 m

 ≤200 (ref.)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 201–799

1.03 (0.92–1.16)

1.05 (0.94–1.17)

1.16 (1.03–1.30)**

2.15 (1.86–2.48)**

0.92 (0.82–1.03)

0.88 (0.79–0.98)*

1.03 (0.92–1.17)

2.21 (1.89–2.59)**

 800–1649

1.05 (0.94–1.17)

1.06 (0.95–1.18)

1.35 (1.20–1.51)**

2.27 (1.97–2.62)**

0.89 (0.80–0.99)*

0.94 (0.84–1.05)

1.25 (1.10–1.41)**

1.87 (1.61–2.17)**

 ≥1650

1.06 (0.94–1.18)

1.15 (1.03–1.28)**

1.46 (1.30–1.64)**

1.48 (1.30–1.69)**

0.87 (0.78–0.97)**

0.94 (0.84–1.05)

1.23 (1.09–1.39)**

1.64 (1.42–1.90)**

 P for trend

0.064

0.003

<0.001

0.381

0.273

0.942

0.101

0.065

  1. Note: OR, odds ratio; PA, physical activity. *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01
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