Table 1 Operational definitions of data variables according to the Global School-based Student Health Survey 2016 guidelines
Sl. No. | Variables | Definition |
|---|---|---|
1 | Suicidal behaviour (ideation and attempt) | Suicidal ideation: During the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide? (Yes/No) Suicidal attempt: During the past 12 months, how many times did you actually attempt suicide? a)0 times b) 1 time c) 2–3 times d) 4–5 times e) 6 or more times Any attempt was considered as ‘yes’ |
2 | Drinking Alcohol | The GSHS defined drinking alcohol as drinking Ara, Bangchhang, Singchang, Changkoe, beer, whiskey, tongpa, or wine and it did not include drinking a few sips of wine for religious purposes. A “drink” is a glass of wine, a bottle of beer, a small glass of liquor, or a mixed drink Currently drank alcohol is defined as having at least one drink of alcohol on at least one day during the last 30 days |
3 | Current smoker | Any students smoking cigarettes during the last 30 days. Currently smoking is defined as one who smoked cigarette on at least 1 day during the last 30 days) |
4 | Current drug use | Any drug use (includes marijuana also called ganja, kayna, black or weed, cocaine, inhalants, SP, N10 or dendrite) during the last 30 days. |
5 | Bullying | Bullying occurs when a student or group of students say or do bad and unpleasant things to another student. It is also bullying when a student is teased a lot in an unpleasant way or when a student is left out of things on purpose. It is not bullying when two students of about the same strength or power argue or fight or when teasing is done in a friendly and fun way. During the past 30 days, on how many days you were bullied? a)0 days b)1–2 days c)3–5 days d)6–9 days e)10–19 days f)20–29 days g) all days Bullying was defined in this study as bullied on one or more days during the last 30 days |
6 | Physical attack | A physical attack occurs when one or more people hit or strike someone, or when one or more people hurt another person with a weapon (such as a stick, knife, or gun). It is not a physical attack when two students of about the same strength or power choose to fight each other. During the past 12 months, how many times were you physically attacked? a) 0 times b) 1 time c) 2 or 3 times d) 4 or 5 times e) 6 or 7 times f) 8 or 9 times g) 10 or 11 times h) 12 or more times Defined in this study as physically attacked one or more times during the last 12 months |
7 | Physical fight | A physical fight occurs when two students of about the same strength or power choose to fight each other. During the past 12 months, how many times were you in a physical fight? a) 0 times b) 1 time c) 2 or 3 times d) 4 or 5 times e) 6 or 7 times f) 8 or 9 times g) 10 or 11 times h) 12 or more times Defined in this study as involved in a physical fight one or more times during the last 12 months |
8 | Sexual violence | Student forced to have sexual intercourse when he/she did not want to. Have you ever been forced to have sexual intercourse when you did not want to? a) Yes b) No |
9 | Body image | Self perception of one’s own weight. The following question is asked: How do you describe your weight? a) very underweight b) slightly underweight c) about the right weight d) slightly overweight e) very overweight |
10 | Urge to use drugs/alcohol | During the past 12 months, how often have you been so worried about something that you wanted to use alcohol or other drugs to feel better? a) never b) rarely c) sometimes d) most of the time e) always Defined in this study as: wanted to use alcohol/other drugs to feel better most of the time or always in the past 12 months |
11 | Loneliness | During the past 12 months, how often have you felt lonely? a) never b) rarely c) sometimes d) most of the time e) always Defined in this study as: felt lonely most of the time or always in the past 12 months |
12 | Lack of sleep | During the past 12 months, how often have you been so worried about something that you could not sleep at night? a) never b) rarely c) sometimes d) most of the time e) always Defined in this study as: could not sleep most of the time or always in the past 12 months |
13 | Other tobacco use | Currently used any tobacco products other than cigarettes (on at least 1 day during the last 30 days) |
14 | Food insecurity | During the past 30 days, how often did you go hungry because there was not enough food in your home or boarding school? a) never b) rarely c) sometimes d) most of the time e) always Defined in this study as: went hungry most of the time or always because there was not enough food during the last 30 days |
15 | Close friends | How many close friends do you have? a)0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3 or more Defined in this study as: having at least one close friend |
16 | Parental engagement | During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians understand your problems and worries? a) never b) rarely c) sometimes d) most of the time e) always |