| Socio-demographic characteristics |
| Mean age | 37.8 (803; 0.55) | 33.2 (485; 0.58) | < 0.001 | 36.1 (1288; 0.41) | 34.1 (790; 0.51) | 39.6 (478; 0.67) | < 0.001 |
| Gender |
| Female | 48.6 (390) | 44.4 (218) | 0.154 | 47.0 (608) | 45.5 (357) | 49.3 (240) | 0.191 |
| Male | 51.4 (413) | 55.6 (267) | | 53.0 (680) | 54.5 (433) | 50.7 (238) | |
| Education | | | | | | | |
| Never attended school | 5.4 (44) | 36.2 (182) | < 0.001 | 16.8 (226) | 14.8 (122) | 19.6 (97) | 0.004 |
| 9 or less years school | 42.3 (335) | 47.9 (226) | | 44.3 (561) | 42.5 (331) | 47.9 (223) | |
| 10 or more years schooling | 31.7 (251) | 13.1 (59) | | 24.8 (310) | 27.3 (207) | 20.5 (98) | |
| Post-school education | 20.6 (168) | 2.8 (14) | | 14.1 (182) | 15.5 (125) | 12.0 (56) | |
| Location | | | < 0.001 | | | | 0.328 |
| Major city | 99.8 (800) | 86.6 (403) | | 94.9 (1203) | 95.3 (741) | 94.2 (443) | |
| Regional Australia | 0.2 (3) | 13.5 (82) | | 5.1 (85) | 4.7 (49) | 5.8 (35) | |
| Time in Australia | | | 0.004 | | | | 0.044 |
| Less than 6 months | 83.8 (676) | 77.2 (376) | | 81.4 (1052) | 80.0 (629) | 84.7 (410) | |
| 6 months or more | 16.2 (127) | 22.8 (109) | | 18.6 (236) | 20.0 (161) | 15.3 (68) | |
| Importance of religion^ | | | 0.018 | | | | 0.027 |
| Very important | 74.2 (595) | 72.3 (350) | | 73.5 (945) | 71.1 (557) | 78.0 (375) | |
| Important | 22.2 (173) | 20.4 (97) | | 21.5 (270) | 23.9 (187) | 17.3 (79) | |
| Not very important/ no religion | 3.7 (31) | 7.3 (32) | | 5.0 (63) | 5.0 (40) | 4.8 (21) | |
| Frequency difficulty travelling to required locations | | | 0.267 | | | | 0.003 |
| Always/ most of the time | 43.8 (339) | 45.3 (219) | | 44.4 (558) | 42.3 (325) | 46.9 (219) | |
| Some of the time | 30.7 (243) | 33.2 (162) | | 31.6 (405) | 30.3 (239) | 34.6 (163) | |
| Never | 25.5 (189) | 21.5 (101) | | 24.0 (290) | 27.4 (207) | 18.5 (80) | |
| General health and psychological measures |
| Self-rated health | | | < 0.001 | | | | < 0.001 |
| Excellent/ very good | 22.2165) | 49.3 (230) | | 32.2 (395) | 38.2 (291) | 22.5 (101) | |
| Good/fair | 56.7 (455) | 41.7 (207) | | 52.1 (662) | 51.6 (411) | 49.2 (236) | |
| Poor/ very poor | 21.2 (183) | 9.0 (48) | | 16.7 (231) | 10.2 (88) | 28.3 (141) | |
| Disability | | | < 0.001 | | | | < 0.001 |
| Has disability | 32.2 (271) | 20.5 (105) | | 27.9 (381) | 18.5 (157) | 43.8 (216) | |
| No disability | 67.9 (520) | 79.5 (373) | | 72.2 (893) | 81.5 (626) | 56.2 (255) | |
| Number of potentially traumatic events | | | < 0.001 | | | | 0.004 |
| No response | 10.0 (74) | 24.2 (112) | | 15.3 (186) | 16.3 (124) | 12.3 (55) | |
| 1 event | 23.3 (180) | 35.9 (171) | | 28.0 (351) | 30.1 (232) | 24.4 (113) | |
| 2–3 events | 33.1 (271) | 23.2 (115) | | 29.5 (386) | 29.0 (232) | 30.5 (149) | |
| 4 or more events | 33.6 (278) | 16.6 (87) | | 27.3 (365) | 24.6 (202) | 32.9 (161) | |
| Probable PTSD | | | < 0.001 | | | | < 0.001 |
| Unlikely PTSD | 54.5 (414) | 77.7 (358) | | 62.9 (772) | 70.6 (540) | 49.6 (221) | |
| Likely PTSD | 45.6 (368) | 22.3 (104) | | 37.1 (472) | 29.4 (225) | 50.4 (239) | |
| Psychological distress (K6) | | | < 0.001 | | | | < 0.001 |
| K6 mean score | 14.2 (776; 0.22) | 11.8 (475; 0.26) | | 13.3 (1251; 0.17) | 12.0 (767; 0.31) | 15.5 (464; 0.20) | |
