|
Nutrient
|
N = 1227
|
p value
|
|---|
|
MCI (n = 95)
|
Without MCI (n = 449)
|
|---|
|
Intakes
|
% of intake from RNIsa
|
Intakes
|
% of intake from RNIs
|
|---|
|
Energy (kcal)
|
1817 ± 539.2
|
90.4 ± 26.8
|
1779 ± 487.0
|
88.5 ± 24.2
|
0.528
|
|
Protein (g/day)
|
75.9 ± 23.8
|
128.6 ± 40.4
|
74.4 ± 22.4
|
126.0 ± 37.9
|
0.553
|
|
Protein (% of energy)
|
16.8 ± 3.0
|
–
|
16.9 ± 3.4
|
–
|
0.833
|
|
Carbohydrate (g/day)
|
255.3 ± 88.7
|
–
|
248.9 ± 79.9
|
–
|
0.489
|
|
Carbohydrate (% of energy)
|
55.9 ± 7.4
|
–
|
55.7 ± 7.5
|
–
|
0.839
|
|
Fat (g/day)
|
54.6 ± 20.2
|
–
|
53.7 ± 19.2
|
–
|
0.702
|
|
Fat (% of energy)
|
27.2 ± 6.1
|
–
|
27.2 ± 6.6
|
–
|
0.902
|
|
Saturated Fat (g/day)
|
9.0 ± 5.6
|
–
|
9.7 ± 6.5
|
–
|
0.330
|
|
Total Fibre (g/day)
|
3.7 ± 2.3
|
–
|
3.9 ± 2.5
|
–
|
0.397
|
|
Vitamin C (mg/day)
|
120.3 ± 93
|
171.9 ± 132.8
|
117.0 ± 90
|
167.1 ± 129.2
|
0.745
|
|
Vitamin E (mg/day)
|
23.6 ± 110
|
235.7 ± 1095
|
6.1 ± 21.0
|
60.5 ± 210.3
|
0.124
|
|
Thiamine (mg/day)
|
1.4 ± 3.2
|
120.0 ± 266
|
1.4 ± 3.4
|
118.0 ± 287
|
0.949
|
|
Riboflavin (mg/day)
|
1.3 ± 0.5
|
97.5 ± 41.4
|
1.2 ± 0.5
|
95.0 ± 37.0
|
0.556
|
|
Niacin (mg/day)
|
10.6 ± 3.9
|
66.0 ± 24.5
|
10.9 ± 4.1
|
68.1 ± 25.8
|
0.459
|
|
Pyridoxine (mg/day)
|
0.7 ± 0.3
|
–
|
0.8 ± 0.4
|
–
|
0.629
|
|
Folate (μg /day)
|
110.1 ± 74
|
27.5 ± 18.6
|
104.1 ± 70
|
26.0 ± 17.5
|
0.452
|
|
Calcium (mg/day)
|
548.9 ± 241
|
68.6 ± 30.1
|
524.3 ± 239
|
65.5 ± 29.9
|
0.365
|
|
Sodium (mg/day)
|
1459 ± 819
|
–
|
1575 ± 1097
|
–
|
0.330
|
|
Iron (mg/day)
|
14.2 ± 5.9
|
101.7 ± 42.1
|
13.9 ± 5.1
|
99.4 ± 36.4
|
0.580
|
|
Zinc (mg/day)
|
3.9 ± 2.0
|
58.6 ± 30.1
|
3.8 ± 2.1
|
56.6 ± 30.8
|
0.554
|
|
Phosphorus (mg/day)
|
1193 ± 415
|
–
|
1183 ± 429
|
–
|
0.832
|
|
Selenium (μg/day)
|
23.0 ± 19.9
|
69.6 ± 60.2
|
22.8 ± 17.9
|
69.0 ± 54.2
|
0.923
|
- aRNIs: Recommended Nutrient Intakes for Malaysia [40]
