Relationships between area-level socioeconomic status and urbanization with active transportation, independent mobility, outdoor time, and physical activity among Canadian children

Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the participants

	All (n = 1699)^{a, b, c}		Girls (n = 935)		Boys (n = 764)
	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	Mean ± SD	Range	p	Cohen’s d
Age (years)	10.2 ± 1.0	8–13	10.2 ± 1.0	8–13	10.2 ± 1.0	8–13	0.258	0.06
Number of active trips per week	11.4 ± 11.5	0–150	11.0 ± 11.1	0–150	11.8 ± 11.9	0–142	0.190	0.06
Independent mobility licences	2.2 ± 1.6	0–6	2.1 ± 1.6	0–6	2.3 ± 1.6	0–6	0.003	0.14
Steps per day	12,052 ± 3778	3370–24,886	11,387 ± 3452	3370–24,458	12,865 ± 3997	3449–24,886	< 0.001	0.40
MVPA (min/day)	65.2 ± 23.1	12–177	61.2 ± 20.4	12–151	70.0 ± 25.2	14–177	< 0.001	0.38
Outdoor time (weekdays)
≤ 2 h per day	1373 (80.8%)	–	767 (82.0%)	–	606 (79.3%)	–	–	–
> 2 h per day	326 (19.2%)	–	168 (18.0%)	–	158 (20.7%)	–	–	–
Outdoor time (weekend days)
≤ 2 h per day	832 (49.0%)	–	478 (51.1%)	–	354 (46.3%)	–	–	–
> 2 h per day	867 (51.0%)	–	457 (48.9%)	–	410 (53.7%)	–	–	–

SD Standard deviation, MVPA, p P-value, Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
^aThe percentage of participating children from each site: Ottawa (Boys: 24.1%; Girls: 27.4%); Trois-Rivières (Boys: 31.4%; Girls: 28.7%); and Vancouver (Boys: 44.5%; Girls: 44.0%)
^bThe percentage of participating children from each type of urbanization: Urban: (Boys: 45.3%; Girls: 43.9%); Suburban (Boys: 31.9%; Girls: 30.9%); and Rural: (Boys: 22.8%; Girls: 25.2%)
^cThe percentage of participating children from high and low socioeconomic status: High (Boys: 56.3%; Girls: 59.5%) and Low: (Boys: 43.7%; Girls: 40.5%)

ISSN: 1471-2458