Table 2 Clinical and Psychological Characteristics of Sample studied
From: Impact of social disadvantages in the presence of diabetes at old age
Diabetes Incident Group n = 459 | Diabetes Prevalent Group n = 1,903 | No diabetes n = 6,486 | Total n = 8,848 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypertension, n(%) | 219 (47.71) | 1,184 (62.22) | 2,501 (38.56) | 3,904 (44.12) |
Cancer, n(%) | 9 (1.96) | 53 (2.79) | 118 (1.82) | 180 (2.03) |
Heart attack, n(%) | 17 (3.70) | 107 (5.62) | 182 (2.81) | 306 (3.46) |
Lung Chronic Disease, n(%) | 27 (5.88) | 104 (5.47) | 366 (5.64) | 497 (5.62) |
Stroke, n(%) | 9 (1.96) | 58 (3.05) | 98 (1.51) | 165 (1.86) |
Depression, n(%) | 316 (68.85) | 1,192 (62.64) | 4,686 (72.25) | 6,194 (70.00) |
Internal Locus of Control, n(%) | 313 (68.19) | 1,325 (69.63) | 4,469 (68.90) | 6,107 (69.02) |
Mean (SD) | 5.20 (1.64) | 5.17 (1.71) | 5.19 (1.71) | 5.18 (1.71) |
Smoking | ||||
Never | 299 (65.14) | 1,273 (66.89) | 3,968 (61.18) | 5,540 (62.61) |
Sometime / ex-smoker | 104 (22.66) | 465 (24.44) | 1,609 (24.81) | 2,178 (24.62) |
Currently smoker | 56 (12.20) | 165 (8.67) | 909 (14.01) | 1,130 (12.77) |
Alcohol drinking, (%) | ||||
Never | 51 (11.11) | 249 (13.08) | 742 (11.44) | 1,042 (11.78) |
Sometime | 334 (72.77) | 1,421 (74.67) | 4,489 (69.21) | 6,244 (70.57) |
Yes, moderate | 31 (6.75) | 98 (5.15) | 536 (8.26) | 665 (7.52) |
Yes, severe | 43 (9.37) | 135 (7.09) | 719 (11.09) | 897 (10.14) |
Body Mass Index, n(%) | ||||
Low weight | 10 (2.18) | 123 (6.46) | 642 (9.90) | 775 (8.76) |
Normal | 167 (36.38) | 692 (36.36) | 2,728 (42.06) | 3,587 (40.54) |
Overweight | 114 (24.84) | 458 (24.07) | 1,526 (23.53) | 2,098 (23.71) |
Obesity | 168 (36.60) | 630 (33.11) | 1,590 (24.51) | 2,388 (26.99) |
Mean (SD) | 29.00 (4.73) | 28.49 (5.01) | 27.30 (4.59) | 27.64 (4.73) |
Health Self-perception, n(%) | ||||
Bad | 291 (63.40) | 1,543 (81.08) | 3,696 (56.98) | 5,530 (62.50) |
Good | 168 (36.60) | 360 (18.92) | 2,790 (43.02) | 3,318 (37.50) |
Help walking around the house, n(%) | 4 (0.87) | 47 (2.47) | 52 (0.80) | 103 (1.16) |
Help bathing, n(%) | 2 (0.44) | 39 (2.05) | 49 (0.76) | 90 (1.02) |
Help eating, n(%) | 2 (0.44) | 35 (1.84) | 29 (0.45) | 66 (0.75) |
Help using toilet, n(%) | 3 (0.65) | 37 (1.94) | 41 (0.63) | 81 (0.92) |
Help getting in/out bed, n(%) | 6 (1.31) | 52 (2.73) | 66 (1.02) | 124 (1.40) |
Number of limitations, ADL n(%) | ||||
0 | 450 (98.04) | 1,803 (94.75) | 6,346 (97.84) | 8,599 (97.19) |
1 | 4 (0.87) | 44 (2.31) | 90 (1.39) | 138 (1.56) |
2 | 3 (0.65) | 24 (1.26) | 22 (0.34) | 49 (0.55) |
3 | 1 (0.22) | 14 (0.74) | 15 (0.23) | 30 (0.34) |
4 | 1 (0.22) | 14 (0.74) | 7 (0.11) | 22 (0.25) |
5 | 0 (0.00) | 4 (0.21) | 6 (0.09) | 10 (0.11) |