Table 1 Characteristics of participants stratified by depression status
Variables | Categories | All | Depressed | Not depressed | p-values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (9936) | N (1425) | N (8511) | |||
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
Age at baseline | Mean (SD) | 41.1 (12.4) | 39.1 (11.9) | 41.4 (12.5) | <.0001 |
Age at baseline | < 50 years | 6880 (69.2) | 1070 (75.1) | 5810 (68.3) | <.0001 |
≥50 years | 3056 (30.8) | 355 (24.9) | 2701 (31.7) | ||
T2DM at follow upa | No | 9573 (96.4) | 1364 (95.7) | 8209 (96.5) | 0.1726 |
Yes | 363 (3.7) | 61 (4.3) | 302 (3.6) | ||
Age at T2DM onsetb | Mean (SD) | 61.1 (9.8) | 57.3 (9.6) | 61.8 (9.6) | <.0001 |
Age at T2DM onsetb | < 50 years | 46 (12.7) | 13 (21.3) | 33 (10.9) | <.0001 |
≥50 years | 317 (87.3) | 48 (78.7) | 269 (89.1) | ||
Sex | Men | 4395 (44.2) | 434 (30.5) | 3961 (46.5) | <.0001 |
Women | 5541 (55.8) | 991 (69.5) | 4550 (53.5) | ||
Socioeconomic position | Unskilled and semi-skilled workers | 1148 (11.55) | 227 (15.93) | 921 (10.82) | <.0001 |
Skilled workers | 644 (6.48) | 92 (6.46) | 552 (6.49) | ||
Assistant non-manual workers | 1398 (14.07) | 211 (14.81) | 1187 (13.95) | ||
Students | 537 (5.40) | 88 (6.18) | 449 (5.28) | ||
Retired | 368 (3.70) | 108 (7.58) | 260 (3.05) | ||
Self-employed (other than professional) | 691 (6.95) | 74 (5.19) | 617 (7.25) | ||
High and intermediate level salaried employee | 4567 (45.96) | 477 (33.47) | 4090 (48.06) | ||
Missing | 583 (5.87) | 148 (10.39) | 435 (5.11) | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | Mean (SD) | 24.2 (3.7) | 24.1 (4.1) | 24.3 (3.7) | 0.1552 |
BMI | Normal (18.50–24.99) | 6172 (62.1) | 875 (61.4) | 5297 (62.2) | 0.0008 |
Underweight (< 18.50) | 202 (2.0) | 44 (3.1) | 158 (1.9) | ||
Overweight (25.00–29.99) | 2799 (28.2) | 371 (26.0) | 2428 (28.5) | ||
Obese (≥30.00) | 644 (6.5) | 114 (8.0) | 530 (6.2) | ||
Missing | 119 (1.2) | 21 (1.5) | 98 (1.2) | ||
Physical activityc | Yes | 4416 (44.4) | 533 (37.4) | 3883 (45.6) | <.0001 |
No | 3780 (38.0) | 661 (46.4) | 3119 (36.7) | ||
Missing | 1740 (17.5) | 231 (16.2) | 1509 (17.7) | ||
Smoking | Regular smoker | 1230 (12.4) | 287 (20.1) | 943 (11.1) | <.0001 |
Occasional smoker | 870 (8.8) | 145 (10.2) | 725 (8.5) | ||
Ex-smoker | 2380 (24.0) | 310 (21.8) | 2070 (24.3) | ||
Never smoker | 3686 (37.1) | 452 (31.7) | 3234 (38.0) | ||
Missing | 1770 (17.8) | 231 (16.2) | 1539 (18.1) | ||
Hazardous alcohol used | Yes | 2530 (25.5) | 527 (37.0) | 2003 (23.5) | <.0001 |
No | 7360 (74.1) | 888 (62.3) | 6472 (76.0) | ||
Missing | 46 (0.5) | 10 (0.7) | 36 (0.4) | ||
Severity of depression | No | 8511 (85.7) | |||
Mild | 522 (5.3) | ||||
Moderate | 345 (3.5) | ||||
Severe | 558 (5.6) | ||||
Anxious distress symptoms | No | 7855 (79.1) | 384 (27.0) | 7471 (87.8) | <.0001 |
Mild | 1392 (14.0) | 499 (35.0) | 893 (10.5) | ||
Moderate/severe | 684 (6.9) | 542 (38.0) | 142 (1.7) | ||
Missing | 5 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (0.1) |