Skip to main content

Table 3 Results of the Repeated Measures (Multivariate) ANOVA analysis

From: Free school meals as an approach to reduce health inequalities among 10–12- year-old Norwegian children

Children’s outcomes from T0 – T1

Multivariate

    

Time x Group

 

F

p

2.409

0.069

Univariate

 

n

T0

T1

Time x Group

Time x Group

x Gender

Time x Group

x SES

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

F

p

F

p

F

p

  

 Healthy food score

IG

52

6.72 ± 2.52

8.28 ± 2.73

4.184

0.043

0.049

0.825

1.183

0.279

  

CG

102

7.28 ± 2.35

7.97 ± 2.23

        

 BMI z-score (IOTF-based)

IG

52

0.59 ± 1.10

0.55 ± 1.15

1.950

0.165

0.342

0.560

0.072

0.789

  

CG

102

0.64 ± 0.98

0.63 ± 0.96

        

 Waist circumference

IG

52

68.42 ± 9.42

68.77 ± 9.28

2.618

0.108

3.293

0.072

0.216

0.643

  

CG

102

67.18 ± 8.51

68.34 ± 8.72

        

Children’s outcomes from T0 – T2

Multivariate

    

Time x Group

      
     

F

P

      
    

8.452

< 0.001

      

Univariate

 

n

T0

T2

Time x Group

Time x Group

x Gender

Time x Group

x SES

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

F

p

F

p

F

p

  

 Healthy food score

IG

49

6.73 ± 2.54

9.00 ± 1.59

10.941

0.001

0.105

0.747

6.228

0.014

  

CG

101

7.29 ± 2.36

8.24 ± 2.14

        

 BMI z-score (IOTF-based)

IG

49

0.60 ± 1.11

0.64 ± 1.07

10.007

0.002

1.410

0.237

1.465

0.228

  

CG

101

0.64 ± 0.98

0.50 ± 0.96

        

 Waist circumference

IG

49

68.44 ± 9.52

70.11 ± 9.16

0.608

0.437

0.096

0.757

0.247

0.620

  

CG

101

67.27 ± 8.51

69.35 ± 8.78

        

Children’s outcomes from T1 – T2

        

Multivariate

    

Time x Group

Time x Group

   
     

F

p

   
     

8.209

< 0.001

   

Univariate

 

n

T1

T2

Time x Group

Time x Group

x Gender

Time x Group

x SES

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

F

p

F

p

F

p

  

 Healthy food score

IG

49

8.35 ± 2.71

9.00 ± 1.59

0.848

0.359

0.256

0.614

1.552

0.215

  

CG

101

7.96 ± 2.24

8.24 ± 2.14

        

 BMI z-score

IG

49

0.55 ± 1.16

0.64 ± 1.07

22.245

< 0.001

0.884

0.349

1.505

0.222

  

CG

101

0.64 ± 0.96

0.50 ± 0.96

        

 Waist circumference

IG

49

68.81 ± 9.37

70.11 ± 9.16

0.746

0.389

3.077

0.082

0.000

0.998

  

CG

101

68.41 ± 8.74

69.35 ± 8.78

        
  1. IG intervention group, CG control group, T0 baseline, T1 follow up1, T2 = follow up2; p < 0.05 indicated in bold