Associations between open drain flooding and pediatric enteric infections in the MAL-ED cohort in a low-income, urban neighborhood in Vellore, India

Table 1 Reported household/neighborhood conditions, exposure behaviors, and rainfall, 2010–2014

Household conditions^a	Number (%)
Reported household toilet	33 (33.0)
Direct discharge to drain	27 (81.8)
Excreta contained onsite	3 (9.1)
Other/Don’t know	3 (9.1)
Neighborhood conditions^a
Open drain in front of household	96 (96.0)
Flooding
Drain floods	57 (57.6)
House floods	23 (23.0)
Reported exposure behaviors^a,b
Drain contact
Any	86 (86.0)
> 10 times per month	15 (15.0)
Flood water contact
Any	82 (82.0)
> 10 times per month	26 (26.0)
Monthly rainfall (cm)^c	Mean (SD)
Year-round	7.1 (6.0)
Dry season (January–May)	2.9 (3.5)
Southwest monsoon (June–September)	10.8 (4.2)
Northeast monsoon (October–December)	10.3 (6.3)

^aData from household survey (n = 100 households); ^bThe exposure behavior represents that of the study child, as reported by the adult respondent; ^cData from the India Meteorological Department [45]

ISSN: 1471-2458